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研究生: 李梓暘
Li, Zi-Yang
論文名稱: 營建業企業社會責任報告書環境績效指標之揭露
Environmental Performance Indicator Disclosure in the Corporate Social Responsibility Reports of Construction Companies
指導教授: 張行道
Chang, Andrew S.
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 土木工程學系
Department of Civil Engineering
論文出版年: 2011
畢業學年度: 99
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 135
中文關鍵詞: 企業社會責任CSR報告書GRI綱領環境指標營建公司
外文關鍵詞: Corporate Social Responsibility, CSR report, GRI guidelines, environmental indicators, construction companies
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  • 企業社會責任(Corporate Social Responsibility, CSR) 報告為近年國際大公司展現環境、社會、經濟措施與績效所公佈的資訊。國內至今提出者多半為製造或服務業公司,營建相關公司大都尚未著手。藉由檢視國外營建業CSR報告書環境資訊之揭露,能幫助國內營建業建立環境績效指標,並進一步出版CSR報告書。
    本研究探討CSR報告書中環境指標的揭露,以全球報告綱領(Global Reporting Initiative, GRI) 的環境面30個績效指標為架構,檢視國外八家營建相關公司CSR報告書提出之指標與措施,從營造、開發及建材三種公司類型,了解其實際揭露指標的質、量化資料、環境影響及減輕措施的符合度,評分其內容與品質,比較指標之揭露率,並分為高、中、低三類。最後,建立30項指標關聯表,分為優先與普通指標,指出揭露的順序與方法。
    研究結果發現,八家營建公司報告書提出的指標,與實際內容未完全符合,質化及量化指標符合度分別為59% 和51%,環境影響和減輕措施符合度皆為53%,指標內容較未揭露重大資訊,品質較未符合可比較性原則,營建公司報告作法落後於開發及建材公司。
    高揭露率指標平均揭露率85%,有減輕產品與服務對環境影響的措施及減輕程度(EN26)、直接能源消耗量(EN3)等10項指標,低揭露率指標平均24%,有材料總使用重量或體積(EN1)等12項指標,顯示國外營建公司指標揭露偏重於能源與碳排放相關議題。可優先揭露指標有材料類(EN1)等15項,普通指標有CO2排放量(EN16)等15項指標,選擇指標揭露率達50%以上,指出能源(EN3、4)、總用水量(EN8)和廢棄物排放(EN22)等18項標竿指標可先揭露,再逐步擴展至30項指標,給予國內營建公司參考。

    In recent years, large international companies have published CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) reports to disclose indicators and measures in economic, environmental, and social aspects. In Taiwan, the CSR reports have not been published by most construction companies. By examining the disclosure of environmental information in the CSR reports of foreign construction related companies, it helps the Taiwan construction industry to establish environmental performance indicators and prepare CSR reports.
    This research explored the disclosure of 30 environmental indicators in the CSR reports on the basis of the GRI (Global Reporting Initiative) reporting framework. It analyzed the indicators and measures in CSR reports of eight foreign construction-related companies of two developers, two construction material suppliers, and four contractors. First, the disclourse rates of the eight companies were calculated for qualitative and quantitative indicators of environmental impact or mitigation characteristic. The indicators were ranked in high, medium, and low levels according to their disclosure rates. The content and quality of the indicators were also evaluated. Finally, the indicators were tabulated, divided into priority and general indicators to indicate the sequence and methods of disclosure.
    The findings show that the contents of indicators disclosed in the CSR reports are not quite consistent with GRI requirements. The disclourse rates for qualitative and quantitative are 59% and 51%, the rates for environmental impact and mitigation indicators are both 53%. The indicator content did not disclose materiality information, the quality did not conform to the comparability principles. The contractors were lagging the developers and material suppliers.
    The average rate of high disclosure indicators was 85%, including 10 indicators such as initiatives to mitigate environmental impacts of products and services, and extent of impact mitigation (EN26), and direct energy consumption by primary energy source (EN3). The rate of low disclosure indicators was 24%, including 12 indicators such as materials used by weight or volume (EN1). It shows most companies disclosed energy and emissions issues. Priority indicators have 15 indicators such as material weight (EN1); general indicators have 15 indicators such as CO2 emissions (EN16). The indicators with disclosure rates higher than 50% was selected for benchmarking. They have 18 indicators including energy (EN3, EN4), total water withdrawal by source (EN8), and total weight of waste by type and disposal method (EN22).

    摘要i Abstract ii 誌謝 iv 目錄 v 表目錄 viii 圖目錄 x 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究動機 1 1.2 研究目的 2 1.3 研究方法與流程 3 1.4 研究範圍與限制 4 第二章 文獻回顧 7 2.1 企業社會責任報告書 7 2.1.1 現行報告綱領 7 2.1.2 企業出版CSR報告動機 8 2.2 CSR報告書內容揭露 9 2.2.1 指標揭露情況 9 2.2.2 CSR報告不足之處 10 2.3 環境績效指標 11 2.3.1 全球報告綱領 11 2.3.2 綠建築 11 2.3.3 環境管理會計 12 2.3.4 生態效率 12 2.3.5 指標之選擇 13 第三章 GRI環境指標之相關規定 15 3.1 報告書之內容與品質原則 15 3.1.1 內容四原則 16 3.1.2 品質六原則 18 3.2 環境指標編寫規定 19 3.2.1 定義及要求 19 3.2.2 營建業補充指引 29 3.3 衡量尺度 32 第四章 環境指標檢視 35 4.1 用衡量尺度檢視指標 35 4.1.1 營建公司 36 4.1.2 開發公司 43 4.1.3 建材公司 47 4.2 營造、開發及建材公司指標差異 51 4.2.1 報告書目錄與實際揭露符合比例 51 4.2.2 指標資料與性質符合度 53 4.2.3 環境指標類別符合度 55 4.3 指標內容與品質評分 58 4.3.1 環境指標內容評分 59 4.3.2 環境指標品質評分 61 4.3.3 內容品質原則符合之比較 64 4.4 評比優異之CSR報告書環境指標 66 4.4.1 單一年度指標 66 4.4.2 四年環境指標揭露率 68 4.4.3 四年環境指標類型符合度 72 4.5 環境指標整體分析 73 4.5.1 八家報告書整體指標 73 4.5.2 公司優良環境作法 75 第五章 環境指標之揭露順序 79 5.1 指標之揭露率與排序 79 5.1.1 指標之揭露率 79 5.1.2 指標揭露率比較 85 5.1.3 指標揭露率排序 86 5.1.4 指標揭露率與補充指引頻率比較 88 5.2 指標之關聯性 90 5.2.1 指標相互關聯表 90 5.2.2 優先指標之判定 92 5.3 環境指標之優先性 93 5.3.1 環境指標之揭露順序 93 5.3.2 國內營建業指標著手順序 95 第六章 結論與建議 99 6.1 結論 99 6.2 建議 101 參考文獻 103 附錄一 八家2007、2008、2010年報告書環境指標檢視 109 C1: Hochief德國建築施工公司 109 C2: Obayashi日本營造商 110 C3: Fluor HSE美國福陸工程建設公司 112 C4: Group Five南非營造與材料製造公司 113 D1: Stockland澳洲最大多元房地產集團 114 D2: Swire Properties香港地產 116 M1: Holcim瑞士水泥公司 118 M2: CEMEX墨西哥水泥公司 119 附錄二 七家環境指標內容和品質評分 121 C2: Obayashi日本營造商 121 C3: Fluor HSE美國福陸工程建設公司 123 C4: Group Five南非營造與材料製造公司 125 D1: Stockland澳洲最大多元房地產集團 127 D2: Swire Properties香港地產 129 M1: Holcim瑞士水泥公司 131 M2: CEMEX墨西哥水泥公司 133 自述 135

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    三、網站資料
    1.Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) http://www.globalreporting.org/
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