研究背景：繪畫被認為是一種複雜的活動，繪畫障礙可以反映大腦的認知缺陷。前驅期失智症和認知健康者 (cognitively unimpaired, CU) 之間的繪畫表現特徵尚不清楚。
研究目的：本研究透過繪畫和顏色辨認測驗來探討前驅期阿茲海默失智症 (prodromal Alzheimer's dementia, prAD)、前驅期路易氏體失智症 (prodromal dementia with Lewy bodies, prDLB) 及CU 在繪畫表現及顏色辨認能力的差異性。
研究方法：本研究共91人參與，包含29位prAD、29位prDLB及33位CU。每一位個案完成一系列測驗如下：五角形複製測驗、三次的 Rey Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF) 及憑印象畫 (drawing from memory task)，再進行線上顏色辨認測驗 (color discrimination test)。
研究結果：三組之間在五角形複製測驗沒有顯著差異。prAD、prDLB和CU在三次的ROCF複製繪畫皆呈顯著性差異，ROCF第一次複製時，prDLB顯著低於CU，ROCF第二次立即複製及第三次回憶式複製皆呈現prAD和prDLB顯著低於CU。在ROCF第一次複製時，prDLB相對CU顯著花費較多時間繪畫。prAD相對於其他兩組，在ROCF立即複製花較少時間，而在ROCF回憶式複製花最少時間。憑印象畫測驗， prDLB 呈現虛構、prAD呈現空間失定向和特徵重複，而prAD、prDLB相對於CU，呈現圖形元素重複和類亢奮動作重複等顯著繪畫特徵。三組皆發現色弱者，顯示顏色辨認能力與年齡呈顯著負相關。
結論：透過整體的繪畫表現，可以整理出prAD及prDLB的繪畫特徵，顯示prAD及prDLB的整體繪畫能力較CU差。ROCF複製測驗相對於五角形複製測驗，較能區辨prAD、prDLB與CU。在各組之間皆發現顏色辨認能力下降現象，此能力受年齡影響較大，而受失智症之疾病影響較小。

SUMMARY

Drawing is considered a complex activity that many different types of brain lesions may be impaired. Previous studies have shown that drawing tests are able to detect cognitive deficits within the brain. This study aims to explore the differences between patients with prodromal Alzheimer's dementia (prAD), patients with prodromal dementia with Lewy bodies (prDLB), and control participants using copy tests, drawing from memory tasks, and color discrimination tests. Twenty-nine prAD patients, twenty-nine prDLB patients, and thirty-three CU participants were involved in the study. All the participants completed a series of tests, including the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test, the pentagon copy test, the Rey Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF) copy test, and various drawing tasks. There were no significant differences for the pentagon copy test across the three groups. When the immediate and 10-min reproduction ROCF copy tests were analyzed, the control group was found to have significantly higher scores than the prAD and prDLB groups for both tests. When the six object drawing tasks were analyzed, the three groups exhibited significantly different drawing characteristics. Age was able to explain 11.0% of the variation in color discrimination ability of the subjects and this was statistically significant. The older the age of the subject, the higher was the error score for the color discrimination test.

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