當今的全球市場具有高度的不可預測性與不確定性，這是由於經濟，政治和社會發展、競爭對手的行為，不斷變化的客戶需求與偏好，技術的創新而使的產品品種過多以及產品生命週期短造成的。
個案公司為高爾夫球用品製造業，面對以往客戶能預下訂單，到現況對快速交期需求而導致訂單的不可預知性，相對導致人力、設備等需求無法有效計畫安排；更由於實際訂單的產品組合過於集中特定機台類型，造成設備生產上的瓶頸，也使得部分站別人力不足的問題產生。面對快速變遷的市場與顧客需求，彈性的製造可以產生「驚喜」和「速度」的戰略能力，使企業能夠成功處理不可預測和不穩定的環境，以獲得可持續的競爭優勢。個案公司透過增加生產彈性與勞動力的彈性，進而提升產量，解決瓶頸機台的產能與人力，以滿足客戶需求。
本研究利用半結構訪談法了解個案公司的由接單、生產到銷售的營運系統，並以系統動力學方法針對訂單、人力、設備、生產、財務面的互動關係建立動態模型，彈性調整系統變數，研究生產彈性與人力彈性如何影響生產，以維持公司營運績效表現。

The purpose of this study was to investigate how the case company used machine flexibility and labor flexibility to gain the continuous competitive advantage.
This study used the semi-structured interview method to collect the company's operation information, further more to establishes a dynamic model in VensimPLE software. Based on three simulations for machine flexibility, labor flexibility, the work concluded: (a) In labor-intensive industry, machine flexibility should be accompanied by labor flexibility. (b) Reduce setup time is the effective way to improve machine flexibility when cost constrained.
This case can be solution for those labor-intensive industries who want to do machine flexibility improvement.

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