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研究生: 陳寬哲
Chen, Kuan-Je
論文名稱: 應用數位影像擷取人體生理訊號之可行性分析
Feasibility Study of Physiological Signals via Digital Image Data
指導教授: 鄭育能
Jeng, Yu-Neng
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 航空太空工程學系
Department of Aeronautics & Astronautics
論文出版年: 2011
畢業學年度: 99
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 91
中文關鍵詞: 網路攝影機高速攝影機血氧模組交叉相關係數血液波傳遞速度
外文關鍵詞: webcam, high speed camera, saturation of O2 in artery, cross-correlation, pulse wave velocity
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  • 本文主要探討應用傅立葉正弦頻譜,研究討論網路攝影機量測頸動脈訊號,與血氧模組訊號(Saturation of O2 in Artery,SaO2 ),替代心電圖模組訊號(ElectroCardioGram,ECG)在心跳頻帶的相關性及誤差率。而網路攝影機訊號亦可量取呼吸頻率並與呼吸速率模組比較訊號之可行性及呼吸頻帶的相關性。最後使用高速攝影機拍攝頸部,而得到血液波傳遞速度之可行性分析。針對一串數據,先以疊代式高斯平滑法移除非週期部分,在該數據兩端取零點,對其中一點作奇函數外插後,經非振盪式三次分段內插法重新分佈點之後,可用快速傅式轉換式求得傅立葉正弦頻譜。本文接受量測人數為六十八位無顯著疾病的成人,使用網路攝影機擷取心跳頻率,以心電圖與血氧模組之數據作為對照基準,以驗證網路攝影機量測的可靠度。將網路攝影機應用於呼吸量測時結果與呼吸速率模組所量測之結果相比較,是相符合的,而將網路攝影機與呼吸速率模組訊號傅立葉波模組的時域數據,作定量上交叉相關係數(Cross-Correlation Coefficient)比較,而發現量測位置不同,導致兩訊號產生相角差異。將網路攝影機與心電圖訊號傅立葉波模組的時域數據,作定量上交叉相關係數比較,無顯著疾病的同學顯示其相關性為高度正相關。但是當網路攝影機的曝光值呈現飽和時而無法辨識灰階變化時會產生相位差存在。高速攝影機所擷取之頸部訊號,經過血液波傳遞速度軟體,經分析過後而得到頸動脈之血液波波速,再參考醫院量測動脈脈波傳導速度器材心臟脈波傳導速度測量儀(Sphygmocor)其脈波傳導速度。

    This study employs the Fourier sine spectrum to study four types of time series data: the ElectroCardioGram (ECG) signal, image signal measured on the neck artery via the webcam system, data of Saturation of O2 in artery( ), and signal of impedance pneumograph monitor. The main concerning is to check the cross correlations of the following pairs: ECG vs. webcam image signal, ECG vs. O2 signal, image signal vs. O2 signal, and pneumograph data vs. webcam image signal. The image data of webcam system sums up of all the grayscale of all pixels within an interested region of an image frame. All the test data are collected from healthy people with populations from ten to several tens. It seems that, if the time lag due to the different measuring points is not considered, the cross correlation coefficients may or may not be positive and may deviates from the unity magnitude. After adjusting the time lag, which is identified to be the maximum cross correlation coefficient, all the cross correlation coefficients are large than 0.7. Based on the fact that they are correlated but are measured at different points, in equipping to the ECG system, the webcam image and saturation of O2 in artery systems can be used to estimate people’s wave propagation speed along vascular tubes and human truck tissue, respectively. Therefore, they can be considered as potential tools to monitor people’s healthy conditions of heart and breath system.

    中文摘要………………………………………………………………….I 英文摘要............................................III 誌謝…….. ......................................... V 目錄…….. ...................................... VI 圖目錄….. ........................................ IX 符號說明.. ....................................... XIII 第一章 序論 ........................................ 1 1.1 研究動機 ...................................... 2 1.2 研究目的 ..................................... 4 1.3文獻回顧 ....................................... 5 第二章 實驗方法 ..................................... 7 2.1實驗設備 ...................................... 7 2.2實驗步驟 .......................................9 2.2.1血氧模組訊號 ..................................9 2.2.2頸動脈影像灰階訊號 .............................10 2.2.3心電圖模組訊號 ................................ 11 2.2.4血液波傳遞速度 ................................ 13 2.2.5心臟脈波傳導速度測量儀(Sphygmocor) ............ 14 2.2.6呼吸模組訊號 ................................. 15 2.2.7心跳頻率誤差分析 .............................. 16 2.2.8交叉相關係數分析 .............................. 17 第三章 理論分析 ..................................... 19 3.1 修正型單調性三次方分段內插法 .................... 19 3.2 疊代式濾波器法................................... 20 3.3 低誤差傅立葉正弦頻譜法 ............................26 3.4 Webcam的影像數據分析 ............................ 28 3.4.1 轉換影像數據為時變數據之驗證 .................28 3.4.2 人體影像數據之應用 .............................. 30 3.5 交叉相關係數 .................................... 30 3.6 交叉相關係數的物理意義 ............................ 31 3.7 心跳頻率誤差 ..................................... 32 3.8 心電圖與血氧波形關係 .............................. 33 3.9 阻抗法 ........................................ 34 第四章 結果與討論 ..................................... 36 4.1非接觸式擷取心跳頻率之訊號 ...................... 36 4.1.1網路攝影機擷取心跳頻率訊號對於年齡的大小是否相關......37 4.1.2 心跳頻率之誤差分佈 .............................. 38 4.2非接觸式擷取呼吸頻率之訊號 ......................... 39 4.2.1網路攝影機與呼吸速率模組之交叉相關係數 .............. 40 4.3誤差分佈 .......................................... 42 4.3.1血氧訊號與心電圖訊號之心跳頻率誤差分佈 .............. 42 4.3.2網路攝影機訊號與心電圖訊號之心跳頻率誤差分佈 ...... 43 4.4交叉相關係數 ..................................... 43 4.5血液波傳遞速度之可行性分析 ....................... 45 4.6 實驗結果之歸納.................................. 47 第五章 結論與未來工作 ................................ 49 參考文獻.. ......................................... 52 結果附圖.. ......................................... 57 自述…….. ......................................... 91

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