如何提高工具機之加工精度一直是重要的課題。分析一台真實工具機之誤差其過程相當複雜且耗時，隨著科技不斷地進步，使用虛擬工具機模擬加工的需求愈來愈高，特別是在五軸加工的場合。若能建立一套五軸虛擬工具機誤差分析系統，使用者即可透過虛擬工具機在加工前得知工具機組裝誤差及結構剛性對體積誤差之影響。
透過考慮誤差項之形狀創成函數，本論文針對五軸工具機探討於組裝時所產生的幾何誤差與靜態負載下所產生的結構剛性誤差對體積誤差之影響。五軸虛擬工具機組裝誤差矩陣依照是否與兩軸運動有相關以及依據兩旋轉軸的位置而建立，此組裝誤差項刪減法則適用於五軸工具機各種構形。接著，藉由有限元素分析軟體，計算虛擬工具機靜態剛性對刀尖點位置之影響，推導靜態剛性誤差矩陣，透過考慮誤差之形狀創成函數，計算工具機之體積誤差。
本論文透過體積誤差分析，呈現工具機組裝誤差以及靜態剛性誤差對各種構形工具機刀尖點位置所造成的影響，此系統亦可於工具機設計階段以及製程規劃階段評估各種工具機構形所產生之體積誤差。此系統對國產工具機之高品質化與成本降低將有重要的貢獻。

Improving the precision of machine tool is always an important issue. Analyzing the errors of a real machine tool is extremely complicated and time-consuming. If a virtual machine tool error analysis is established, the users can obtain the effect of assembly error and structure stiffness on volumetric error of machine tool.
In this thesis, the effect of the geometric error generated by the five-axis machine tool assembly and the structure stiffness error generated by the virtual machine tool deformation under the static load on volumetric error are studied. The assembly error matrix of five-axis machine tool is established according to the relevant movement between two moving axes. The error term deleting rule is established for each type of configuration of five-axis machine tool. Taking finite element software to analyze the deformation of the tool center point of a virtual machine tool under static load, the static stiffness error matrix is derived. Applying the form-shaping function with error terms, the volumetric error of virtual machine tool can be calculated.
Through the volumetric error analysis, the effect of assembly error and static stiffness error on position of tool center point for each machine tool configuration can be obtained. This system can evaluate the volumetric error of each machine tool configuration in the stage of machine tool design and also in process planning. The system will contribute to quality improvement and cost reduction for domestic machine tools.

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