黃鐵礦－磁黃鐵礦轉變發生於約300°C之變質溫度，具有指示「等變質度線」之潛在意義，可發生於伊萊石結晶度值所定義近變質帶(anchizone)與淺變質帶(epizone)之交界。在缺乏指標礦物之低度變質泥岩區，瞭解此等硫化鐵礦物相轉變之機制，對框限變質條件或進程是重要的基礎，然過去研究多著重於熱力學模擬計算反應條件及其影響因素，甚少有實質顯微分析資料可供探討轉變機制。本研究以高解析度掃瞄式電子顯微鏡，配合X光能量分散光譜(EDS)及電子背向散射繞射(EBSD)等方法，分析臺灣南部橫貫公路沿線低度變質泥岩中礦物成分及微組構變化，探討黃鐵礦轉變為磁黃鐵礦之變質反應機制。
在跨越大關山斷層之南橫變質泥岩剖面，由西向東，隨變質度升高，綠泥石與白雲母之優勢排列及劈理發育程度趨於顯著，新生硫化礦物皆大致沿劈理延伸生長。黃鐵礦為大關山斷層以西(近變質帶)之主要硫化礦物，大部分形成莓狀體或細粒晶體之不規則狀集合體，周圍常見新生綠泥石，局部可見黃鐵礦再結晶及蔓生現象，黃銅礦、含鐵閃鋅礦及含硒方鉛礦等次要硫化物生長於莓狀體周圍或填隙於黃鐵礦莓狀體內。大關山斷層鄰近地帶可見長板狀磁黃鐵礦沿劈理生長，因矽酸鹽礦物再結晶作用，磁黃鐵礦晶界呈不規則狀，邊緣常為金紅石所取代或包圍，局部為富稀土綠簾石羣礦物或方解石所取代；黃鐵礦莓狀體有矽化和磁黃鐵礦化現象，粒徑較大之半自形至自形黃鐵礦晶體亦局部發生磁黃鐵礦化；EBSD資料顯示磁黃鐵礦係為單晶以假像形態部份或完全取代多晶黃鐵礦莓狀體；此外，可見次要黃銅礦、含鐵閃鋅礦及含硒方鉛礦填隙於黃鐵礦及磁黃鐵礦化莓狀體，或包裹於磁黃鐵礦晶體內，偶亦另可見輝砷鈷礦(含鎳、鐵)包裹體。大關山斷層以東之淺變質帶以磁黃鐵礦為主要硫化礦物，閃鋅礦、黃銅礦及方鉛礦等次要硫化物含量減少，而黃鐵礦消失；EBSD資料顯示磁黃鐵礦及石英晶粒皆有塑性變形之現象，發育磁黃鐵礦{0001}〈11-20〉底面滑移及石英 {10-10}〈1-210〉滑移系統。EDS分析顯示磁黃鐵礦成分於大關山斷層帶附近約為Fe7S8，另含鎳0.35–0.51 wt.%，大關山斷層以東磁黃鐵礦成分則近似Fe9S10，含鎳0.23–0.83 wt.%。
以上資料顯示南橫變質泥岩中之黃鐵礦－磁黃鐵礦轉變為同構造變質作用所致，大關山斷層附近為轉變過渡帶，初期反應以微觀尺度溶解及再結晶作用方式進行，伴隨矽酸鹽礦物再結晶作用及銅、鋅、鉛、鎳、鈷、鎵、銦、鎘、鈦、銀、硒、砷及稀土元素之遷移，過渡帶中磁黃鐵礦及黃鐵礦生長組織之複雜多變，顯示變質反應或條件未達穩定平衡。

A pyrite-pyrrhotite boundary occurs across the mountain-building Daguanshan fault zone in accordance with an age gap and a grade change from the prehnite-pumpellyite to lower greenschist facies in the Tertiary slate belt of the Backbone Range, southern Taiwan. This study characterized the microstructural and mineralogical changes of metapelites across the boundary utilizing high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, coupled with electron backscatter diffraction and X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopic techniques. West of the fault zone, the pyrite zone is characterized by a weak foliation roughly parallel to elongated patches or layers of framboidal and irregular aggregates of fine-grained pyrite that show partial recrystallization and overgrowth features in association with neoformation of chlorite, chalcopyrite and Fe-bearing sphalerite and local crystallization of coarser grained euhedral pyrite crystals without the presence of pyrrhotite. In the pyrite-pyrrhotite borderland across the fault zone (the transition zone), a strong S1 foliation is present due to strongly recrystallized phyllosilicates, quartz and carbonates and the proportion of fine-grained pyrite including framboidal pyrite diminishes in part due to pseudomorphic replacement by quartz and pyrrhotite. Sphalerite, chalcopyrite and selenium-bearing galena are present in the interstices among or in the vicinity of pyrite microcrystals, and form inclusions within or intimate intergrowths with pyrrhotite. In addition, nickel- and iron-bearing cobaltite was found to be in close contact with pyrrhotite. The neoformed pyrrhotite (mostly Ni-bearing Fe7S8) occurs in forms of bands of disseminated submicron-sized crystals and elongated aggregates of coarsegrained crystals with irregular outlines confined mainly by recrystallized silicates, more or less parallel to the S1 foliation. Complete or partial pseudomorphic replacement of framboidal pyrite microcrystals by pyrrhotite was evidenced by coalescing octahedral grains of pyrrhotite having a single crystallographic orientation and a framboidal texture. Additional pyrrhotite growth over such pseudomorphs formed aggregates of coarser grains locally replaced by rutile and allanite. In the pyrrhotite zone east of the fault zone, pyrrhotite (largely Ni-bearing Fe9S10) occurs as larger subhedral to euhedral crystals and is associated with the S1 foliation in the absence of pyrite. Oxidation of pyrrhotite is commonly found. EBSD data also shows the plastic deformation texture in both pyrrhotite and quartz, and implies the deformation of pyrrhotite along the {0001}〈11-20〉 basal slip and that of quartz along the {10-10}〈1-210〉 slip system. The result indicates that the pyrite-pyrrhotite boundary marks a syntectonic metamorphic reaction from pyrite to pyrrhotite in the Taiwan orogeny. The transition initially occurred via progressive dissolution and crystallization at microscale and was coeval with intense silicate recrystallization and mobilization of Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, Co, Ga, In, Cd, Ti, Ag, Se, As, and REE.

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