本篇論文將針對五軸工具機的旋轉軸提出一套幾何誤差之四項組裝誤差與兩項運動誤差同步量測系統，此系統使用之量測儀器為觸發式測頭並搭配兩顆標準校正球，利用此校正球之標準特性回推工具機誤差。研究特點為幾何誤差之組裝誤差與運動誤差之軸向誤差與定位誤差同步量測，藉由一次實驗直接解析出這兩大類誤差項。預期能改善以往研究將組裝誤差與運動誤差分開量測之缺點。
實驗載具為車銑複合機，一台具備可切換車床及銑床模式之工具機，研究將針對其C軸分析其幾何誤差。計算過程包括機台之誤差數學模型建立，推導正逆向運動學及建立誤差分析方程式，並且透過最小平方法對線性過度定義系統解出其變數，此系統變數即為幾何誤差。解出誤差值前先針對整套數學演算法進行模擬以確保計算過程之準確性。模擬結果也證實本量測方法之可行性。
實驗過程會進行觸發式測頭的校正程序，校正完畢便可開始量測兩顆標準校正球之機械座標值。誤差分析方程式藉由程式撰寫於電腦端，並將實驗量測取得的校正球數據代入程式計算出組裝誤差與運動誤差。量測完成後再透過實際切削想更進一步驗證，但切削驗證的結果不慎理想，判斷切削的結果以及討論切削驗證不理想的原因。

This thesis proposes a synchronous measurement system for four position-independent geometric errors (PIGEs) and two position-dependent geometric errors (PDGEs) for the rotary axis in five-axis machine tools. The measuring instrument I use in this system is a touch-trigger probes and with two standard calibration spheres. The feature of the research is the simultaneous measurement of PIGEs and axial error, angular positioning error of PDGEs and these two types of errors can be directly analyzed through only one measuring process. It is expected to improve the shortcomings of previous studies that separately measure PIGEs and PDGEs.

The machine I use to conduct experiments is a mill-turn machine tool. This study will analyze its geometric errors of C-axis. The process of calculation includes the establishment of the mathematical model of the machine and establish the geometric error equations. Using the least squares method to solve the linear overdetermined system and calculate the value of the geometric errors. Before solving the geometric errors, ensuring the accuracy of the calculated process by using the simulated method. The simulation results also confirm the feasibility of this measurement system. Using the data obtained from the experiment and calculate the geometric error in machine tools. After the measurement, I use the cutting verification to verify the measurement method. The result of the cutting verification is not really good. In this paper, I also discuss the reasons why the result of the cutting verification is not satisfactory.

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