本論文主要目的是針對螺栓成型機之可調行程後通出機構，進行構想設計與尺度合成。首先，分析現有的螺栓成型機之後通出機構，以提出可調行程後通出機構的設計需求。其次，以功能分解設計方法及功能類比設計方法進行構想設計，共獲得三個可行的構想，包括平移凸輪式後通出機構、連桿式後通出機構及油壓式後通出機構。
　　關於凸輪式後通出機構的尺度合成，本文為了降低頂出過程的撞擊噪音，提出可調行程凸輪機構的設計方法，其可調整凸輪採用兩段圓弧連接五次或六次多項式曲線。後者除了六個邊界條件外，採用最佳方法來調整多項式曲線的第七個邊界條件，以降低頂出螺絲與頂出桿間的撞擊速度，新設計之凸輪式後通出機構的最大撞擊速度為原機構的84.8%。
　　本文所提出的連桿式後通出機構，由曲柄搖桿機構、可調平行四連桿機構及可調直線機構所組成，可調直線機構的耦桿上有一頂出螺絲，可推動頂出桿，使其頂出螺栓半成品。在與原機構相同的頂出行程範圍下，求得直線機構的桿長及調整桿的調整量，以產生不同行程的近似直線來推動頂出桿。此連桿式後通出機構之優點，在於頂出螺栓時不產生噪音，且頂出螺絲之偏移量較原後通出機構小。
　　本文所提出的油壓式後通出機構，包括滑件曲柄機構、油汽壓缸及可調油壓缸。滑件曲柄機構的滑件驅動油汽壓缸的活塞，再利用油壓驅動可調油壓缸以推動頂出桿，使其頂出螺栓半成品，而頂出行程由可調油壓缸來調整。油壓式後通出機構的撞擊，發生於滑件曲柄機構的滑件開始推動油氣壓缸的活塞時。在與原機構相同的頂出行程範圍下，本文採用最佳方法來設計滑件曲柄機構之尺寸，以降低所有行程中滑件和活塞間的最大撞擊速度，其最大撞擊速度為原機構的18.9%。

　　This study presents a method for the conceptual design and dimensional synthesis of the adjustable knock-out mechanisms of bolt formers. Based on the results of analyzing an existing knock-out mechanism of a bolt former, the design requirements for new adjustable knock-out mechanisms are proposed. Three feasible conceptual designs for the adjustable knock-out mechanisms of bolt formers, i.e., the knock-out mechanism with a translating cam, the knock-out linkage, the knock-out mechanism with oil cylinders, are obtained via the functional decomposition method and functional analog method.
　　A feasible method is presented to improve the existing knock-out cam-follower mechanism of a bolt former to decrease the noise in the knock-out process. The adjustable cam profile consists of two circular arcs and a fifth-degree or sixth-degree polynomial segment. For the cam profile with a sixth-degree polynomial segment, besides the six specified boundary conditions, a variable condition is used as a design variable for the optimization design to decrease the maximum strike velocity between the knock-out screw and knock-out pin for all knock-out strokes. The maximum strike velocity of the knock-out mechanism with the new cam profile is 84.8 percents of that of the existing mechanism.
　　The adjustable knock-out linkage of a bolt former mainly consists of an adjustable Hoeken linkage, an adjustable parallelogram, and a driving crank-rocker linkage. The knock-out screw on the coupler link of the Hoeken linkage drives the knock-out pin to knock out bolts. For the same knock-out stroke range as the existing knock-out mechanism, the link lengths of the Hoeken linkage are adjustable for generating various approximate straight-line to drive the knock-out pin. The advantages of the adjustable knock-out linkage are that there is no impact noise and that the maximum deviation of straight-line is smaller than that of the existing knock-out mechanism.
　　The adjustable knock-out mechanism with oil cylinders mainly consists of a slider-crank linkage, an air-oil cylinder, and an adjustable oil cylinder. The slider of the slider-crank linkage is applied to drive the air-oil cylinder. The adjustable oil cylinder controlling the knock-out stroke is driven by the air-oil cylinder through oil pipe. When the slider of the slider-crank linkage strikes the piston of the air-oil cylinder, it will make noise. For the same knock-out stroke range as the existing knock-out mechanism, the dimensions of the slider-crank linkage are then synthesized optimally to reduce the maximum strike velocity between the slider and piston. The maximum strike velocity of the adjustable knock-out mechanism with oil cylinders is only 18.9 percents of that of the existing mechanism.

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