電弧爐渣為廢鋼冶煉過程所產生的副產物，依製程階段不同一般可分為還原渣與氧化渣，兩者之主要成分皆為鈣、矽、鐵等元素，具有替代天然砂石作為土地填方、道路級配等工程材料之潛力。本研究以電弧爐還原渣與氧化渣作為試驗目標，探討爐渣物化特性差異及作為級配材料之可行性，並以歐盟整合環境性溶出/萃取試驗程序（CEN/TS 14429 pH關聯性試驗與CEN/TS 14405管柱溶出試驗）進行電弧爐渣之溶出試驗，探討其重金屬溶出特性與環境相容性，並推求百年釋入量。另外以LeachXS專家系統分析電弧爐渣溶出模式及模擬各環境條件下溶出特性之變化。
歸納實驗結果可知，還原渣與氧化渣因其製程條件不同，造成材料特性迥異。還原渣富含鈣系化合物，而氧化渣中鐵與重金屬含量皆高於還原渣。在基本工程材料性質方面，還原渣之洛杉磯磨損率高於道路工程規範，健性亦較氧化渣差，較不適於再利用為道路級配材料。由pH相關聯性試驗可知氧化渣之重金屬溶出量高於還原渣，而利用管柱溶出試驗結果計算各重金屬之百年釋入量，可知電弧爐渣溶出特性可符合荷蘭建築材料指令（Building Materials Decree，BMD）規範。最後將pH關聯性試驗及管柱溶出試驗結果與LeachXS資料庫比對可發現，電弧爐渣之溶出特性與國外再生資材差異不大，各pH範圍間重金屬溶出趨勢相近，且各液固比之累積濃度低於部份國外再生資材。由前述重金屬百年釋入量並相較於國外再生資材之溶出特性，可說明電弧爐渣應具相當之環境相容性及作為再生材料之潛力。

Electric arc furnace slag is the by-products produced by the scrap smelting process, which can be divided into reduction slag and oxidation slag according to the manufacturing process. Both of these two types contain calcium, silicon, iron as main components, and have the potential to substitute the natural gravel to used in structure fill, road grading, and construction materials. In this study, the EAF reduction slag and oxidation slag were used to investigate the differences in physical and chemical properties and its feasibility in graded material application. Moreover, long-term leaching test was conducted by combination of CEN/TS 14429 pH dependence test and CEN/TS 14405 column test for EAF slag to discuss the leaching characteristics of heavy metal and the environmental compatibility. On the other hand, leachXS expert systems were utilized to analyze dissolution model and simulate various environmental conditions of electric arc furnace slag.
The results showed that reduction slag and oxidation slag have significant difference in characteristics because of the different process conditions, such as reduction slag is rich in calcium compounds, whereas oxidation slag contains higher level of iron and heavy metals than the reduction slag. In the engineering properties, reduction slag has poor abrasion resistance and soundness than oxidation slag. Thus reduction slag is less suitable in reuse for road graded materials. The pH dependence test shows that oxidation slag has higher amounts of heavy metal leaching than that of reduction slag. The released amount of heavy metals in 100 years calculated from the column test results shows the leaching characteristics of EAF slag materials can meet the BMD (building material degrees) norms. Lastly, it was found that the leaching characteristics do not significant difference between EAF slag and foreign recycled materials when comparing the results of-leaching test with LeachXS database. Each pH range between the heavy metal leaching trends are similar, and the L/S ratio of cumulative concentrations are less than foreign recycled materials. Based on aforementioned finding, EAF slag can be infer to have environmental compatibility and potential for recycled materials.

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