| 研究生: |
林志忠 Lin, Chih-Jung |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
品質管制與品質保証之比較-以瀝青混凝土開放級配及跳躍級配為例 Comparison of Quality Control and Quality Assurance-Case Study of Open and Gap-Graded Asphalt Concrete |
| 指導教授: |
陳建旭
Chen, Jian -Shiuh |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
工學院 - 土木工程學系碩士在職專班 Department of Civil Engineering (on the job class) |
| 論文出版年: | 2008 |
| 畢業學年度: | 96 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 139 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 品質管制 、品質保證 、開放級配 、跳躍級配 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | open-graded, quality control, quality assurance, gap-graded |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:149 下載:2 |
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三級品管制度之實施已有多年的歷史,大部份公共工程的品質仍以第一級品質管制(Quality Control, QC)的試驗數據,再經由第二級品質保證(Quality Assurance, QA)的確認後作為驗收付款的依據,但QC的試驗數據是否能真正代表現地工程的施工材料的品質,而實施QA檢驗後,兩者是否有差異,實有探討的必要。為瞭解QC與QA試驗結果是否有差異性,本研究共蒐集了分別由甲、乙兩瀝青廠所產製的跳躍級配(Gap-Graded)及開放級配(Open-Graded)的現地瀝青混合料抽油篩分析的QC及QA試驗數據,甲、乙兩瀝青廠之QC及QA試樣係由同一批試體以四分法各別取樣,並分別依QC及QA不同試驗頻率將試樣分送不同的試驗室分析。
甲、乙兩瀝青廠有不同之試驗結果,甲瀝青廠之QC試驗值在預期值上、下穩定的跳動,且未超出上、下容許範圍,但QA試驗值明顯的偏離預期值,且有部份超出容許範圍;在變異數F檢定及平均數t檢方面,僅有少數幾組篩號無顯著差異外,其餘皆為顯著差異;再以Z score 檢定則發現,僅少數組數之Z score值大於3,顯示甲廠對中間值之離散程度不大。另乙瀝青廠之QC及QA試驗值在QC-QA比較圖並無明顯差距,變異數F檢定及平均數t檢方面,僅有少數幾組篩號有顯著差異;再以Z score 檢定則發現,除少數Z score值大於3外,在開放級配QC的#8篩部份,因其四分位數第1/4及3/4位數的試驗值相等,致Z score值計數公式的分母為零,產生Z score無法計算情形。
經由差異分析顯示,乙瀝青廠所產製瀝青混合料之工地品質有較甲瀝青廠所產製瀝青混合料之工地品質穩定。因此,就甲瀝青廠所產製瀝青混合料之QC及QA差異的因素,有再進一步探討的必要。
The Quality Management Mechanism in Public Construction Projects which consists of Quality Auditing units, Quality Assurance units, Quality Control units has been implemented for many years. In most cases, Testing reports sent to test by the contractors(QC units) through the supervision units or procurement agencies(QA units)’s confirmation can be the quality documentary proof for payment application. But can it really represent the construction materials quality at construction-site? For above reason, it’s necessary to study the issue through analyzing the statistic datum from the test reports of construction-site Gap-Graded and Open- graded aggregates from hot mix asphalt(HMA) which sent to test separately by QC and QA units. The thesis use statistic method to study the test datum. The HMA materials given for test came from two supplier(A & B) and each were divided into four parts and sent to test by QC and QA units separately with different frequency..
After analyzing the test datum, the QC’s statistic test values of A supplier’s HMA are all close to the expected values and also in the range . But the QA’s show obvious deviation and some of the values are out of the range. In the result of F-test and t-test method, it shows obvious variation in most of sieves with different size .In the result of Z-test, The Z score which is greater than 3 only occurs in few groups. The result shows no obviously discrete situation to the intermediate value. However, comparing the QC and QA’s statistic test values of B supplier’s HMA, the result shows no obvious variation. In the result of F-test and t-test, obvious variation only occurs in few size sieves. In the result of Z-test, The Z score which is greater than 3 only occurs in few groups.
Through statistical analysis, The construction-site material quality of B supplier’s HMA is better and more stable than B supplier’s. Therefore, to know the variation of the QC and QA’s statistic test values of A supplier’s HMA, it’s necessary to further study.
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