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研究生: 黃政家
Huang, Cheng-Chia
論文名稱: 應用專案資訊模型於重複性排程模式之研究
Applying Project Information Model and Linear Scheduling Method to Develop the Repetitive Scheduling System for Construction Projects
指導教授: 馮重偉
Feng, Chung-Wei
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 土木工程學系
Department of Civil Engineering
論文出版年: 2008
畢業學年度: 96
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 96
中文關鍵詞: 專案資訊模型重複排程法基因演算法專案排程專案資訊整合
外文關鍵詞: Project information model, Repetitive scheduling method, Genetic algorithms, Project scheduling, Project information integration
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  • 隨著工程規模日趨龐大、複雜化,以人工智慧系統或運用4D模型來協助專案排程已成為目前主要的發展方向,然而,以往多數研究並未考量專案資訊的處理與整合,以致在專案排程過程中,仍難以權衡專案在時間、成本、資源及空間等不同面向的相互影響;此外現今實務在專案排程上,多數都應用要徑法,然而要徑法不僅在專案資訊的處理上耗時、耗力,在排程的過程中亦難以權衡專案在時間、成本、資源及空間等不同面向的相互影響,並且難以維持工組的連續利用或產生不同的方案等。
    為改善上述缺失,本研究先從專案資訊處理著手,在IFC(Industry Foundation Classes)標準資料格式的架構下,透過系統化的解析程序,分析專案於計劃階段與施工階段之資訊處理流程及資訊需求,並進一步將現有IFC標準資料格式延伸,並運用MD Object多維度建物元件標準化之屬性架構,建立可透過建物圖形元件結合專案資訊內容之PIM專案資訊模型(Project Information Model),藉以提升資訊處理的效率與正確性;而在排程模式的建構上,考量建築工程專案中,多數作業皆具有重複性施工的特性,當面臨具有重複性施作的工程專案時,多數研究指出以重複性排程的方法進行專案排程,比以往傳統要徑法更能維持資源的有效連續利用,提高施工效率,因此本研究將參考重複排程法(RSM)對於重複性專案之排程方法,依其架構並且稍作修改其模式假設來發展本研究之排程模式,在模式建構規劃上,將以設計結構矩陣之概念建立空間施作順序矩陣(SSM),並利用基因演算法快速尋求較合理之空間施作順序,進一步運用本研究對於重複排程法模式中的限制條件,建構可結合時間、成本、資源及空間資訊之排程模式。
    此外在排程模式的驗證上,以本研究所開發之「以PIM模型為基礎之重複性工程專案排程系統」(Project Information Model-Based Repetitive Scheduling System, PIM-RSS)」來進行實際案例之操作與應用,由案例結果顯示:1.利用PIM專案資訊模型整合工程資訊進行專案規劃排程,可以有效統合專案設計階段資訊於工程進度規劃中,以空間物件與重複排程法產生專案排程之規劃方式,提供了更符合重複性工程專案之排程進度規劃。2.PIM-RSS系統可依專案之需求更改作業工率或施作順序來達到不同的專案排程情境模擬,並可進行專案的重排程。

    With the huge construction project scale becoming complicated day by day, using Artificial Intelligence (AI) or applying four-dimensional (4D) model to assist in project planning has become the present main development direction. However, most of the studies never consider project information integration before the commencement of project scheduling. This in turn would cause project manager hard to trade off mutual influence in the scheduling process such as time and cost control, resources management, work spaces. Furthermore in the recently practice pointed out using linear scheduling technique, compared to “CPM” this traditional scheduling techniques, to plan repetitive engineering project can maintain the resources effectively and continuous enhances the construction efficiency.
    Therefore, this study aims at developing a Project Information Modeling (PIM) process based on IFC format and MD objects. This approach helps to enhance the capabilities of integrating project information and provide adequate information for project planning. As for the development of the scheduling model, the Space Sequence Matrix (SSM) is adopted to formulate the sequence of constructing space. The simple genetic algorithms (sGA) is then applied to acquire the optimal working sequence of project spaces. Moreover, this study have to modify Repetitive Scheduling Methods (RSM) model’s definition to maintain the resources continuously and refer to the several impact factors of scheduling form RSM.
    Based on the result of this study, the performance of the proposed Project Information Model-Based Repetitive Scheduling System (PIM-RSS). The result has proven that the PIM-RSS system is capable of efficiently integrating project information by applying PIM. Besides, the repetitive-engineering-based scheduling method has fully supported the administrator in mastering the cost control, resource management, avoid work spaces buffer, re-scheduling and defilement scheduling situation simulation.

    摘要--------------------------------------------I Abstract---------------------------------------II 誌謝------------------------------------------III 圖目錄-----------------------------------------VI 表目錄---------------------------------------VIII 第一章 緒論-----------------------------------1 1.1 研究背景與動機-------------------------1 1.2 研究目的-------------------------------2 1.3 研究範圍-------------------------------4 1.4 研究方法與流程-------------------------5 1.5 論文內容與架構-------------------------7 第二章 研究問題陳述與文獻回顧-----------------8 2.1 研究問題陳述---------------------------8 2.2 專案資訊處理與整合---------------------9 2.2.1 專案資訊流程解析----------------------10 2.2.2 資訊標準化的發展----------------------11 2.2.3 BIM建物資訊模型之發展與瓶頸-----------12 2.3 專案排程方法--------------------------14 2.3.1 要徑法--------------------------------14 2.3.2 重複性排程方法------------------------15 2.4 人工智慧自動排程模式------------------18 2.5 專案模型於排程規劃之應用--------------21 2.5.1 4D model的發展與應用------------------22 2.5.2 MD model排程模式----------------------23 2.6 小結----------------------------------24 第三章 研究方法------------------------------25 3.1 多維度建物元件模型--------------------25 3.2 基因演算法----------------------------27 3.3 設計結構矩陣--------------------------28 3.4 重複排程法----------------------------30 3.5 小結----------------------------------31 第四章 重複性工程專案排程模式----------------32 4.1 重複性工程專案排程模式介紹------------32 4.2 PIM專案資訊模型-----------------------34 4.2.1 MD Object之屬性架構-------------------34 4.2.2 實體元件與空間元件之最適工項----------38 4.2.3 PIM專案資訊模型之建構-----------------40 4.3 排程資訊轉換機制----------------------50 4.4 重複性工程專案排程模式----------------53 4.4.1 空間施作順序矩陣----------------------53 4.4.2 基因演算法於SSM之應用-----------------54 4.4.3 重複性排程模式之建立------------------56 4.5 小結----------------------------------63 第五章 重複性工程專案排程系統之建立與應用----64 5.1 案例驗證之PIM專案資訊模型-------------64 5.2 PIM-RSS系統開發與功能說明-------------68 5.2 小結----------------------------------78 第六章 結論與建議----------------------------79 6.1 結論----------------------------------79 6.2 未來研究方向與建議--------------------81 參考文獻---------------------------------------82 附錄A PIM-RSS系統使用說明---------------------87 自述-------------------------------------------96

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