ABSTRACT
Background:
Fluid imbalance in heart failure (HF) patients leads to the perception of discomfort “thirst”. However, research studies focusing on factors associated with thirst in patients with HF is still limited
Aims:
The purpose of this study was to examine the determinants of thirst in hospitalized patients with HF in Indonesia
Methods:
A descriptive correlational study was conducted with 150 hospitalized HF patients in Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan from August 2019 to February 2020. Instruments included demographic and disease-related factors questionnaires, thirst quality, thirst frequencies, the visual analog score for thirst intensity, and thirst distress scale-heart failure. T-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation were employed to answer the associated variables of thirst distress. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to identify the determinants of thirst distress.
Results:
Among the 150 participants, three-fifth reported thirst “every day” and “almost every day”, and the thirstiest time 42.7% was “on the whole day”. The average thirst intensity was 49.52 (SD = 17.98; meanwhile the average of thirst distress was 25.01 (SD = 6.34. Factors related to thirst distress were religion, adherence to fluid restriction, independent status, and admission frequency. The determinants of thirst distress including age, gender, religion, occupation, independent status, adherence to fluid restriction, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA).
Conclusion:
Healthcare professionals should assess patients’ thirst in four dimensions. Thirst burdens hospitalized patients with HF every day, on the whole day, adding to the discomfort. Healthcare professionals should not overlook the importance of these subjective symptoms. Several factors are associated with thirst in patients. Findings from this study can be used as references for healthcare professionals to take care of the patients with HF, to be aware of the existence of thirst in patients with those specific characteristics and early intervene their thirst.

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