由於台灣地狹人稠、理想的築壩地點已遍布聚落、可預期的顯著環境影響和不斷增漲的環保意識，興建新水庫已益發困難，無法開源的限制下僅可節流，排除沉積物以維持既有水庫的庫容，最高效的方法要屬水力排砂，阿公店水庫為台灣唯一於汛期期間進行空庫排砂操作的水庫。
本研究分析了位於阿公店水庫(高雄市)上中下游4個樣站所收集2016至2019年的魚類捕獲數據及水文水質數據，以分析影響魚類的棲息地環境因子，發現水位標高、溶氧及pH值具有相關性。比對水庫歷年的各時期水位變化，以比較空庫防淤期前後的魚類群落組成，觀察到每年第3季所進行的空庫防淤操作，將水庫水位降低，魚類多樣性會呈現上升並達到年度的高峰，研判為(1)低水位時棲地呈現出較多淺灘深瀨之多樣性棲地；(2)水位較低時較易捕捉底棲型魚類；(3)為「中度干擾」帶來的現象，改變了水庫中入侵物種和本地魚類之間的競爭。總的來說，本研究結果表明，這種水庫管理方案可能會改善魚類群落的多樣性，同時也減少了水庫中入侵魚類的數量。研究亦表明了如果該操作將水庫排空，確實帶來了極高的排砂效益，但也對魚類造成一定程度的影響，均勻度指數最為明顯，其次是數量，再次是多樣性指數。
本研究亦建議於空庫防淤期營造深水蓄水區做為魚類群落的避難區，用以平衡完全排空庫水的排砂操作可能帶來的高度干擾問題，以更趨近於「中度干擾」，利用適當程度的干擾以達到維持或提高魚類群落多樣性的目標，不失為生態友善的水庫管理方法。

In order to realize the impact of the environmental factors on fish habitats, this study analyzes fish and water quality data which are collected from 4 sample stations located in the upper, middle and lower area in the Agongdian Reservoir from 2016 to 2019. It can be found that the water level, dissolved oxygen and the pH value are related to fish diversity data. Comparing the changes of the water level over the years and the fish community composition for the empty flushing period, it is observed that the empty flushing operation turns out the increasing fish diversity in the third season. At the peak fish diversity of the year, it is thought that (1) the river appears more habitat diversity when the water level is low; (2) it is easier to capture the benthic fish when the water level is low; and (3) it is considered showing "Intermediate disturbance" that changed the competition between invasive and endemic fish species in the reservoir after the empty flushing operation. Firstly, the results of this study indicate that this operational method may improve the diversity of fish community and also reduce the number of invasive fish in the reservoir. Secondly, that are not only the extremely high benefits of sand discharge but also a certain degree of impact on fish by flushing operation. The evenness index is the most obvious, followed by the quantity, and then the diversity index.

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