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研究生： 洪世敏
Hung, Shih-Min
論文名稱： 量子私密比較
Quantum Private Comparison
指導教授： 黃宗立
Hwang, Tzone-Lih
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 電機資訊學院 - 資訊工程學系
Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering
論文出版年： 2015
畢業學年度： 103
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 29
中文關鍵詞： 量子密碼學 、量子私密比較 、第三方 、部份誠實 、近乎不誠實 、個別不誠實 、陌生人環境
外文關鍵詞： Quantum cryptography, Quantum private comparison, Third-party, Semi-honest, Almost dishonest, Individually dishonest, The stranger environment
相關次數： 點閱：140  下載：0 
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    • 本篇論文提出一個新的安全性問題，其存在於各種現有的量子私密比較協定中。一個惡意的第三方可以藉由公佈偽造的比較結果，使得參與者最終無法獲得正確的比較資訊。為了解決此問題，本篇論文同時提出一個新的量子私密比較協定，利用兩個第三方達到互相監督的目的，如果有一個第三方公佈偽造的比較結果，則另一個第三方可以偵測出錯誤。除此之外，現有的量子私密比較協定皆需要參與者互相認識來達到比較的目的，因此無法協助陌生人們互相比較私密訊息，而由於本篇論文所提出的協定存在兩個第三方，因此可以透過兩個第三方的協助達到陌生人們互相比較私密訊息的目的。

    This thesis explores a new security problem existing in various state-of-the-art QPC protocols, where a malicious TP announces fake comparison (or intermediate) results. In this case, the participants could eventually be led to a wrong direction and the QPC will become fraudulent. In order to resolve this problem, a new level of trustworthiness for TP is defined and a new QPC protocol is proposed, where a second TP is introduced to monitor the first one. Once a TP announces a fake comparison (or intermediate) result, participants can detect the fraud immediately. Besides, due to the introduction of the second TP, the proposed protocol allows strangers to compare their secrets privately, whereas the state-of-the-art QPCs require the involved clients to know each other before running the protocol.

    中文摘要 i Abstract ii 致謝 iii Content iv List of Tables v List of Figures vi Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Overview 1 1.2 Motivation and Contribution 2 1.3 Thesis Structure 5 Chapter 2 Preliminaries 6 2.1 The Properties of Single Photon 6 2.2 The Properties of Entangled States 8 2.2.1 Bell State 8 2.2.2 GHZ State 9 Chapter 3 Zhang et al.’s Protocol and Problems 12 3.1 Zhang et al.’s Protocol 12 3.2 The Problems of Zhang et al.’s Protocol 14 Chapter 4 Multiparty QPC Protocol with Individually Dishonest TPs for Strangers 15 4.1 The Proposed Protocol 15 4.2 Stranger Environment 19 4.3 Who is Telling a Lie 20 4.4 Security Analysis 21 4.4.1 Outsider Attack 21 4.4.2 Insider Attack 22 Chapter 5 Conclusions 25 Bibliography 26

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