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研究生：	賴慧宇 Lai, Hui-Yu
論文名稱：	以LEGO mindstorms建構自動跟隨嬰兒車概念原型 Conceptual prototypes of auto-following baby stroller-LEGO mindstorms applied
指導教授：	周君瑞 Chou, Chun-Juei
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	規劃與設計學院 - 工業設計學系 Department of Industrial Design
論文出版年：	2015
畢業學年度：	103
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	73
中文關鍵詞：	自動跟隨、嬰兒車、LEGO mindstorms
外文關鍵詞：	auto-following, baby stroller, LEGO mindstorms
相關次數：	點閱：108 下載：1
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本研究主要目的是建置具備自動跟隨功能的嬰兒車概念原型，透過訪談與觀察歸納出自動跟隨嬰兒車須具備的功能，並以LEGO mindstorms來達成各項功能組合並進行測試。除了找出達到自動跟隨的主要功能為：主動跟隨、躲避障礙物、身份辨識，在測試的過程中發現「開啟」與「關閉」的操作方式亦是影響自動跟隨操作的步驟，必須考量家長在使用自動跟隨時的情形，設計出符合使用性的開關方式。此外，透過將操作方式類比至現有產品，找出操作方式的支援技術，驗證自動跟隨具備發展的可能性；並以問卷調查嬰兒車使用者是否願意使用、同意本研究所設定的操作方式，問卷統計結果顯示自動跟隨嬰兒車為多數受測者所認同，表示自動跟隨嬰兒車有其市場需求。
本研究步驟可區分為五個階段，在第一階段對家中現有0至3歲幼兒的家長進行訪談及觀察，並歸納出自動跟隨所需的功能。第二階段則先以LEGO mindstorms NXT以及EV3來進行單一功能的測試，藉由拆解功能，嘗試以不同的零件及感應器來達成目標功能。第三階段將數個功能組合，檢測功能組合的使用性，除了測試功能組合的軟硬體建置是否會發生衝突外，在功能組合的過程中也會對自動跟隨原本的定義有新的發現，並找出使用自動跟隨時所遇到的問題點，提出改善的解決方法，並將其導入新的操作方式。第四階段針對自動跟隨的開啟與關閉提出多種使用方式，使操作更為直覺、貼近使用者需求，第五階段則對各項功能類對應到相關技術以及類比至現有產品，並以問卷方式驗證本研究所提出的自動跟隨功能是否符合使用者的需求。此外，本研究也期望將研究成果提供給嬰兒車廠商，藉以驗證研究結果，並提出設計建議，以供嬰兒車廠商在未來設計嬰兒車做為參考。

This research aims to construct conceptual prototypes of auto-following stroller and sum up the main functions that auto-following baby stroller should have. The LEGO mindstorms toolkits are applied to build several conceptual prototypes and get tested. Auto-following can be decomposed into three key functions: user following, obstacle avoiding, identity identification. During the testing process, we find that the way of switching on/off is also a key element for executing auto-following. How to switch plays an important role when using auto-following baby stroller, and it should have usability to enable users to use auto-following stroller easily when holding a baby in their arms. The testing results were verified by (1) searching for the corresponding products and concepts to find the needed techniques that auto-following stroller may apply, proving that the auto-following stroller can be built under the technique supports. (2)The questionnaire were given to the baby stroller users to investigate whether they are willing to use auto-following stroller and if they are agree with the operating way this study sets. The result shows that most respondents want to use auto-following stroller and agree with our testing results, proving that the users have the need and auto-following stroller indeed has the potential to be put into market.
The experiment can be divided into 5 stages. At the first stage, the parents who have children under 3 years old are interviewed and observed. There, we concluded the key functions that auto-following should possess. At Stage 2 we tested these functions by building conceptual prototypes with LEGO mindstorms toolkits. The components of intelligent bricks and sensors are assembled to reach the ultimate goal of single function. At stage 3, integrate these functions to see if there are any interference between the software and hardware. At stage 4, the ways of switching auto-following are added into the integrations gained from stage 3. Then the integration-function prototypes are presented and the unworkable integrations will be screen out. The prototypes will be verified by questionnaire surveying several parents to check whether the auto-following stroller meet their needs at stage 5. This research will be provided to the stroller manufacturers to give them a reference when producing auto-following stroller in the future.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
摘要	i
SUMMARY	ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS	iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS	iv
LIST OF TABLES	vii
LIST OF FIGURES	viii
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION	1
1.1 Background	1
1.2 Motivation	2
1.3 Research Aim	3
1.4 Research Restrictions	3
1.5 Research Structure	4
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW	5
2.1 Parent-child interaction and children development	5
2.2 Baby stroller related information	7
2.2.1 Baby strollers combining technologies on the market	7
2.2.2 Baby stroller-related laws and acts	7
2.3 Technologies and Techniques Analysis	8
2.3.1 Distance Measurement	8
2.3.2 Signal Transmission	10
2.3.3 Identity identification	11
2.3.4 Positioning system	12
2.3.5 Select the suitable technologies for experiments	13
2.4 Introductions of Lego mindstorms NXT and EV3	15
2.5 Applications similar to Auto-following	19
2.6 Other applications	22
CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH CONSTRUCTION & PROCEDURE	25
3.1 Research Construction	25
3.2 Experiment Procedure	26
3.2.1 Observations of using stroller and decompose the auto-following baby stroller	26
3.2.2 Single-function tests	26
3.2.3 Function integration tests	27
3.2.4 Tests Review	28
3.2.5 Corresponding techniques and questionnaire verification	28
CHAPTER 4 TESTING PROCEDURE	29
4.1 Definition of Auto-following	29
4.1.1 Observation of using stroller	29
4.1.2 Definition of auto-following	30
4.2 Single-function Tests	32
4.2.1 Single-function test	32
4.2.2 Select the suitable solutions for each key function	38
4.3 Function Integration Tests	39
4.3.1 Two-function integration	39
4.3.2 Testing Results	45
4.3.3 Three-functioned integration tests	47
4.3.4 Testing results	50
4.4 Simulations of Operational Process	51
CHAPTER 5 CORRESPONDING TECHNIQUES & QUESTIONNAIRE VERIFICATION	54
5.1 Related Concepts and Applications	54
5.1.1 Products and concepts that can be corresponded to auto-following stroller	54
5.1.2 Collation of possibly applicable techniques	56
5.2 Questionnaire Verification	58
5.2.1 Questionnaire and results	58
5.2.2 Summary	60
CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSIONS & SUGGESTION	61
6.1 Conclusion	61
6.2 Suggestion	62
REFERENCES	64
Appendix A Observation of using existing baby stroller	69
Appendix B Content of Questionnaire (Original Version)	70
Appendix C Questionnaire Results	71

LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1  Infant development  (國泰綜合醫院護理部, n.d.)	6
Table 2.2  手推嬰兒車商品標示基準 (sorted by author)	8
Table 2.3  Technologies that are able to be applied (Chen, 2011)	13
Table 2.4  Technologies that are able to be applied	14
Table 2.5  NXT toolkits	15
Table 2.6  EV3 Toolkits （LEGO® MINDSTORMS®）	17
Table 4.1  The classified tasks we expect to do	30
Table 4.2  Ways of operating each function	31
Table 4.3  Operations that are classified	32
Table 4.4  Movement of user following	34
Table 4.5  Movement of obstacle avoiding	35
Table 4.6  Movement of identity identification	37
Table 4.7  Criteria of selecting suitable solution	39
Table 4.8  List of two-functioned integration	39
Table 4.9  Movement of two-function prototypes	40
Table 4.10  Lists of three-function-integration prototypes	47
Table 4.11  Operations of three-function prototypes	47
Table 4.12 Operating way to switch on/off	53
Table 5.1 Corresponded products and techniques	57
Table 5.2 Corresponded products and techniques	58
Table 5.3 Results of questionnaires (translated in English)	59


LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2.1  Origami stroller (Stern, 2012)	7
Figure 2.2  i-robot (iRobot Corporation©)	9
Figure 2.3  How distance measuring works (Shieh, 2009)	9
Figure 2.4  RFID + RSSI system (Chen, 2011)	12
Figure 2.5  The window of NXT-G	16
Figure 2.6  Window of EV3 program	18
Figure 2.7  Interface of EV3 app	19
Figure 2.8  Take a seat (Geest, 2007)	19
Figure 2.9 Kiva system (“Frequently Asked Questions,” n.d.)	20
Figure 2.10  Multifunctional intelligent automatic stroller	21
Figure 2.11  Mechanized Stroller (Traczuel, 2012)	21
Figure 2.12  CaddyTrek	22
Figure 2.13  The “Fasten Seat Belt” signs show on the instrument panel (史杰, 2013)	22
Figure 2.14  Tile (Hank, 2013)	23
Figure 2.15  The Tile app (Hank, 2013)	23
Figure 2.16  Nike+ sensor (NIKE, 2014)	24
Figure 2.17  GPS shoes (Wilcox, 2012)	24
Figure 4.1  Correlation between two functions	45
Figure 4.2  The expecting operational process of auto-following baby stroller	51


                                    

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