共演化觀點認為廠商、產業與制度環境三者之間，是一獨立與互動同時存在的發展關係。廠商、產業與制度環境三者，除各自經歷變異、選擇與保留的演化過程外；在自我演化過程中，各分析層級之互動主體的演化過程亦會彼此相互影響。鋰電池產業在台灣發展二十餘年，近幾年來隨電動車產業的興起，產品應用領域也逐漸從原本的3C應用延伸至動力鋰電池領域。在此發展歷程中，政府相關部門與廠商皆為提升台灣鋰電池產業在動力鋰電池領域之競爭力，而有所投入。
本研究以「共演化」的觀點，藉由次級資料的搜集，並透過深度訪談的方式，實際訪談政府部門、產業以及廠商代表，來具體描繪台灣鋰電池產業之發展軌跡。探討在台灣鋰電池產業的發展過程中，制度環境、產業與廠商三者分別扮演何種角色，又三者之間的互動關係為何。
研究結果發現在台灣鋰電池產業進行自我演化的同時，確實會透過其互動主體與制度環境、廠商之互動主體進行跨層次、動態且雙向的共演化互動。本研究亦找出台灣鋰電池產業之各分析層級在共演化過程中的互動主體：制度環境─政策方向、政策工具；產業─競爭強度、產業發展；廠商─動態能力、廠商行為、廠商能力、技術能力。並根據此共演化互動關係，對政府相關部門與廠商提出相關的建議。

The coevolutionary view indicates that institutional environment, industry and the firm are not only independent but also interacting with one another. Each of them has its own evolution process of variation, selection and retention Beside changing alone, the process also affect another one’s self-evolution process through the interact units. This can explain the development process of lithium battery industry which has evolved for twenty years in Taiwan. Rather than solely focusing the application on computer, communication and consumption-electronic (3C), some firms in lithium battery industry also evolve into car usage in the recent years. This act of some lithium battery firms has triggered change in the lithium industry. During the process, relevant government departments are involved, and so is the external environment.
This research adopts the "coevolutionary" view to further investigate the mentioned phenomena. As such, collection of secondary data is accompanied with making in-depth interviews with the representatives of government departments, industry and firms, to specifically describe the development path of Taiwan lithium battery industry. We attempt to understand the role of the institutional environment, the industry and the firms in the development process of Taiwan lithium battery industry, and how they coevolve.
The research reveals that the meso level would make a cross-level, dynamic and two-way co-evolution with the macro and firm level through their own interact units, in their process of self-evolution. This study also identified the interacting units of every level: (1) the institutional environment ─ the policy direction and policy instruments; (2) industry ─ competitive intensity and industrial development; (3) firms ─ dynamic capabilities, firm’s behavior, firm’s ability and technical skills. Based on our research, this study proposes some relevant suggestions to the interacting parties in this co-evolution relationship.

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