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研究生: 何耕州
He, Geng-Jhou
論文名稱: 早期鋼結構梁柱接頭耐震能力及修復補強性能研究
The Seismic Performance of Early Time Beam-column Connection and Post-earthquake Repair Techniques
指導教授: 鍾育霖
Chung, Yu-Lin
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 規劃與設計學院 - 建築學系
Department of Architecture
論文出版年: 2023
畢業學年度: 111
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 112
中文關鍵詞: 早期鋼構接頭脆性破壞震損修復性能準靜態反覆加載試驗
外文關鍵詞: Early-time connection, Brittle failure, Post-earthquake repair, Quasi-static cyclic test.
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  • FEMA 352 提出相關的震損接頭的修復建議,但其中未包含國內慣用的箱型柱與H型鋼梁的接合型式。而針對翼板全滲透焊接、腹板螺栓接合 (Welded Unreinforced Flange-Bolted Web, WUF-B) 的接頭,雖然已有許多的補強方式,且有實際補強後的性能測試以及設計方式,但是對於震損接頭的修復研究則十分有限。因此本研究的內容會涵蓋兩個階段,第一階段為對早期舊式接頭的性能評估,進行反覆加載直到試體發生破壞,以模擬地震所產生的損傷;第二階段為震損後的修復補強,並採用三種不同的修復方式,其中包含焊接式修復補強、以及非動火的螺栓式修復補強。藉由對比舊式原始接頭之間、補強修復接頭之間、以及補強修復前後的性能,列出以下重點:
    1. 針對具有早期接頭細節的足尺梁柱接頭的反覆載重試驗結果顯示,此類型接頭未能滿足現行規範要求達到4%層間變形角的韌性要求,同時各接頭試體間存在強度與韌性差異,應變分布上均呈現高度集中於梁柱端區域。
    2. 焊接式補強修復以及螺栓接合式補強修復,均能大幅度的提升修復補強後接頭的強度、韌性、耗能,對於已經歷一個中大型地震的震損結構,本研究提出的修復方式應屬可以接受範圍。
    3. 原先的舊式接頭應力集中都發生於梁柱接頭區,經過修復補強後的接頭,其應變集中的都有向遠離接頭區域的轉移。
    4. 實驗中顯示斷裂處後方的應變計讀數非常小,顯示在受壓時斷裂面幾乎沒有接觸,因此本研究提出的焊接鋼板的修復方式可省略,FEMA352 中建議切除斷裂面附近鋼材的施工步驟,大幅降低修復工時及複雜度。
    5.數值模擬結果中證實經過腹板與剪力板縫隙焊料填充以及下方扇孔補強,能提升其在抵抗彎矩的貢獻、焊接修復構件的尺寸設計也合理。

    Studies concerning the enhancements of WUFB, welded unreinforced flange-bolted web, have been widely done by physical tests or numerical analysis in the past years; however, implementing the associated enhancement techniques to existing buildings prior to the damage caused by earthquakes was rarely found. Consequently, what might make the study distinguished from the existing ones, was that the study focused on the repair techniques rather than enhancements, that is, the connections were already damaged before the repair methods were taken. Owing to the presence of floor connected to the top flanges, and the different quality of complete joint penetration weld at the top and bottom flanges, the iconic damage of the girder was considered to be button flange fracture in heat affected zone for early-time connections.
    The full-scale cyclic test was carried out to verify the performance of original connections and post-repair ones. A steel connection specimen, with 3.3m in height and 6.2m in span, box column connecting 4 H beams on each face, constructed by early-time practice, was designed in accordance with typical steel structures in Taiwan. Each beam would be tested twice, both conforming to AISC standard loading protocol: the first one was to evaluate the performance of early-time connections until fractures occurred, and the second one, on the other hand, was to evaluate the performance of post-repaired ones. The repair techniques consist of two categories, welding repair, and bolt repair. Since welding requires specialized equipment, licensed workers, and fire-proof arrangements; moreover, fumes during the welding process might also be unacceptable in some places, the welding-free bolt repair technique was proposed.
    According to the test results, all repaired connections exhibit better performance in all aspects, such as plastic deformation, energy dissipation capacity, and maximal strength; on top of that, the highly strained areas, located at the beam-to-column interface were partially or completely relocated to beam`s section.

    摘要 i 誌謝 xviii 目錄 xix 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究動機與目的 1 1.2 研究方式 2 第二章 文獻回顧 3 2.1 FEMA352 [11] 3 2.2 Seismic Capacity of Retrofitted Beam-Column Connections in High-rise Steel Frames when Subjected to Long-Period Ground Motions. [13] 6 2.3 Seismic Rehabilitation of Welded Steel Beam-to-Box Column Connections Utilizing Internal Flange Stiffeners [10] 12 第三章 實驗規劃與試體設計 22 3.1 概述 22 3.2 實驗規劃 22 3.2.1 實驗加載系統 22 3.2.2 加載歷程 24 3.3 早期梁柱接頭試體設計 24 3.4 焊接式修復設計 27 3.4.1 修復概念與目的 27 3.4.2 修復方式 28 3.4.3 力量傳遞機制 29 3.4.4 修復構件操控變因 30 3.4.5焊接式修復補強之接頭強度計算 32 3.5 以螺栓接合修復設計 33 3.5.2 修復構件 33 3.5.3 力量傳遞機制 37 3.5.4 螺栓接合修復之接頭強度計算 41 第四章 實驗結果 43 4.1 感測器安裝 43 4.2 CT接頭性能評估 47 4.2.1 ECT 舊式接頭反覆加載試驗 47 4.2.2 WCT 舊式接頭反覆加載試驗 48 4.2.3 SCT 原始接頭反覆加載試驗 50 4.2.4 NCT 舊式接頭反覆加載試驗結果 51 4.3 焊接式修復補強接頭性能評估 53 4.3.1 SWBR 下翼板焊接補強反覆加載試驗 53 4.3.2 NWBTR 上下翼板均焊接補強反覆加載試驗 55 4.4 螺栓接合補強修復接頭性能評估 58 4.4.1 WBR165 螺栓接合修復補強反覆加載試驗 58 4.5 材料試驗 64 第五章 實驗數據分析 66 5.1 彎矩與層間變位關係 66 5.1.1 彎矩與層間變位計算方式 66 5.2.2 各試體遲滯迴圈比較 67 5.3.1 初始剛度與最大強度 69 5.3.2 塑性轉角 73 5.3.3 耗能與等效阻尼 75 5.4 梁長軸向應變分析 77 5.4.1 舊式接頭應變分布 77 5.4.2 焊接式修復應變分布 80 5.4.3 螺栓接合補強修復應變分布 83 5.5 小結 85 第六章 有限元素法模擬 86 6.1 分析模型 86 6.1.1 模型建構 86 6.1.2 邊界條件 88 6.1.3 材料參數 89 6.1.3 介面關係 89 6.1.4螺栓預力 89 6.1.5 分析方式 89 6.2 模擬與實驗之數據比對 91 6.2.1 舊式接頭數值模擬 91 6.2.2第一種等級焊接補強數值模擬 (SWBR) 94 6.3.3第二種等級焊接補強數值模擬 (NWBTR) 100 6.4 腹板與剪力板區域分析結果 105 6.4 小結 107 第七章 結論與建議 108 結論 108 改善與建議 109 附錄一 110 參考文獻 111

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