結構物的安全和維護一直是一個很重要的課題，而現地實驗用於結構物的監測，其重要性不可小覷。近年來，雷射掃描技術-數位光達(digital LIDAR)是一種創新的監測儀器用來量測結構物的變形。然而，數位光達也有其缺點，最嚴重的缺點就是即使同個地點量測，量測出來的結果中，點雲資料(point cloud data)是不均勻的，而且其位置在每次量測有著± 6毫米的誤差。而在本文，我們透過數值方法來減少光達的缺點造成之誤差，包括拉格朗日有限元素內插法和數位影像關係法，藉著三維點雲坐標建構電腦模型來估算結構變形。
為了測試光達的反射強度和三原色RGB資料來做影像相關處理，我們做了實驗來比較光達掃描影像處理後得到的位移和線性可差分變壓器(LVDT)量測到的位移的精度。在影像處理前，必須透過兩個程式包括內插程式LIDAR01與數位影像關係程式CCD82，將點雲資料重新編排調整，經由變形前後的影像處理來計算出結構物位移。在本文末，我們發現以反射強度來做影像處理，能良好地分析結構物變形，尤其是結構物上有著明顯對比的影像圖案。

Since the safety and serviceability of structures are always an important issue, the examination of structures using field experiments has been emphasized. Digital LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) is an innovated instrument to measure the structural deformation. However, there are shortcomings of the digital LIDAR, and the most serious one is the non-uniform density of point cloud data, which are generated randomly with position accuracy ±6mm. In this thesis, we use numerical methods including the Lagrange interpolation and the digital image correlation to decrease the errors and present a computational model to estimate the deformed shapes of structures using the 3D coordinate information.
To use the intensity and RGB data of LIDAR for the image correlation, the displacement accuracy of LIDAR image analysis can be obtained from the experiment testing by comparing the displacement obtained from an LVDT. In order to analyze structural deformation by LIDAR, the point cloud data are re-arranged by two post-processing programs including the interpolation program LIDAR01 and the image correlation program CCD82. Displacements, then, can be calculated automatically by finding the image correlation subsets before and after deformation. The numerical results are good by the intensity analysis to measure the structural deformation with obvious random patterns in the structure.

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