還原碴為電弧爐煉鋼廠之副產物，台灣每年產出約26萬公噸，還原碴中含有大量游離氧化鈣，遇水形成氫氧化鈣，導致還原碴產生體積膨脹現象，而且其浸泡於水中後生成高pH值之溶液，恐造成環境生態之衝擊與破壞。傳統卜特蘭水泥製造過程為高耗能且高二氧化碳排放量，亦將對生態造成影響，鹼激發膠結材製作屬低耗能且低污染，若採用高溫高壓之養護製程，將可節省製造時間與成本。本研究以還原碴與玻璃粉末為製作鹼激發膠結材之原料，使用僅含氫氧化鈉之鹼活化液，經由改變還原碴取代率與鹼活化液濃度，選用高溫養護與高溫高壓養護兩種不同製程，期能製作具有良好抗壓強度之鹼激發還原碴膠結材試體，試驗結果發現，還原碴取代廢玻璃粉末50%時，經高溫高壓養護後其抗壓強度可達20MPa以上，達到大量消耗還原碴以及可應用於製作營建材料之雙重目的，同時，本研究採用聚丙烯纖維，添加於鹼激發還原碴無機膠結材中，藉由試驗結果分析比較其增韌效果，進而獲得取代現有纖維水泥板之膠結材配比設計與高溫高壓製程。

Reducing-slag is a by-product from the manufacturing of electric arc furnace of steel mill. In Taiwan, the annual amount of reducing-slag is about 260-thousand tons. Most of reducing-slags contain lots of free calcium oxide, which will form calcium hydroxide when they are mixed with water, leading to their volume expansion and possibly catastrophic cracking failure. Meanwhile, the mixture of calcium hydroxide with water results in a solution with high OH- concentration and pH value, causing severely environmental impact and damage on the earth. The manufacturing of traditional Portland cement is harmful to our ecology because of its high energy cost and large amount of carbon dioxide emission. The production of alkali-activated binders is normally low energy consumption and less carbon dioxide emission. The process of high temperature and pressure can be employed for making alkali-activated binders to reduce their cost and time. In the study, reducing-slag and waste glass powders were mixed with the alkaline activator containing only sodium hydroxide. Experimental results show that the compressive strength of alkali-activated binders can reach up to 20MPa when the replacement percentage of waste glass powders by reducing slag was 50% and a high temperature and high pressure curing process was used. Hence, reducing slag can be extensively used as the raw material in the production of alkali-activated binders. Also, adequate amounts of polypropylene fibers were introduced to enhance the mechanical properties of alkali-activated binders. Based on experimental results, the effect of polypropylene fibers on the toughening of alkali-activated binders was evaluated. As a result, the optimal conditions for the material mixture and high temperature and high pressure process for making the alkali-activated construction materials are proposed.

[1] 張祖恩，「環境科技-廢棄物與資源循環」，102年環境科技論壇，2013。
[2] 世界鋼鐵協會，https://www.worldsteel.org/。
[3] 行政院環境保護署，https://waste.epa.gov.tw/RWD/。
[4] Davidovits, J., Geopolymers cement to minimize carbon dioxide greenhouse-warming, Ceramic Transaction, 37, 165-182,1993.
[5] 國際能源署，https://www.iea.org/。
[6] 蔡文博、鄭大偉、黃兆龍，「鋼鐵爐碴之循環應用─電弧爐煉鋼還原碴再利用」，土木水利，第46卷第五期，2019。
[7] 張同生、劉福田、王建偉等，鋼渣安定性與活性激發的研究進展[J]，矽酸鹽通報，26(5): 980-984，2007。
[8] 電弧爐還原碴安定化技術手冊，經濟部，2017。
[9] 江奇成，電弧爐煉鋼還原渣與鑄件廢料摻用於混凝土再生材之模式研究，博士論文，國立台灣科技大學營建工程系，2005。
[10] Kühl, H., Slag Cement and Process of Making the Same., U.S. Patent 900939, 1908.
[11] Purdon, A.O., The Action of Alkalis on Blast-Furnace Slag, Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry, V.59, No.90, pp.191-202, 1940.
[12] Glukhovsky, V.D., Pashkov, I.A., Yavorsky, G.A.: New building material, in Russian, Bulletin of Technical Information, GlavKievStroy, Kiev, 1957.
[13] Wang,S.D.,Scivener,K.L.,Hydration products of alkali activated slag cement, Cememt and Concrete Research, 25(3), 561-571, 1995.
[14] Lecomte, I., Henrist, C., Liegeois, M., Maseri, F., Rulmont, A., Cloots, R., (Micro)-structural comparison between geopolymers, alkali-activated, slag cement and Portland cement, Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 26, 3789-3997, 2006.
[15] Davidovits, J., Mineral polymers and methods of making them, USA Patent 4,349,386, 1982.
[16] Palomo, A., Grutzeck, M. W., Blanco, M. T., Alkali-activated fly ashes A cement for the future, Cement and Concrete Research, 29, 1323-1329, 1999.
[17] Davidovits, J., 30 Years successes and failures in geopolymer application, Geopolymer 2002 Conference, Australia, Melbourne University 2002.
[18] CNS 13777，纖維加強水泥板，2017。
[19] 詹穎雯、石嘉玉，輕質竹材水泥板於營建工程應用之研究(第二年)，內政部建築研究所委託研究報告，國立嘉義大學，2007。
[20] 朱建根，輕質纖維增強水泥板的生產與應用，新型建築材料，第6期，pp.21-22，1995。
[21] 陳志賢，含矽質廢棄物之無機聚合物，博士論文，國立成功大學土木工程學系，2009。