| 研究生: |
施翔發 Shih, Hsiang-Fa |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
台灣傳統竹建築之接頭試驗與結構分析 Joint Testing and Structural Analysis of Traditional Taiwanese Bamboo Architecture |
| 指導教授: |
杜怡萱
Tu, Yi-Hsuan |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
規劃與設計學院 - 建築學系 Department of Architecture |
| 論文出版年: | 2025 |
| 畢業學年度: | 113 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 211 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 竹構造 、竹接頭 、材料試驗 、接頭試驗 、結構分析 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | Bamboo, Bamboo Structure, Bamboo Joint, Material Test, Joint Test, Structural Analysis |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:19 下載:9 |
| 分享至: |
| 查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
竹材因生長週期短、可固碳且低污染,近年作為建築材料逐漸受到重視。竹構造之結構性能常取決於接合部,相較於現代竹構造之接頭形式變化多而難以模式化,傳統竹構造採固定形制與接合作法,具有較高泛用性。因此本研究聚焦於台灣傳統閩南式竹建築「竹籠茨」,旨在建立適用於竹籠茨之現代結構分析方法,為新建竹籠茨的設計與既有竹籠茨的保存提供參考。
竹籠茨常用之竹材包含莿竹、長枝竹、孟宗竹與桂竹四種,其中三種已有前人研究建立基本力學性能資料庫,獨欠長枝竹之試驗數據,故本研究依國際規範ISO22157對長枝竹進行基本力學試驗,以補足設計竹籠茨所需之完整材料性能資料。
本研究透過訪查台南現存的竹籠茨案例,歸納其常用的接頭類型,針對竹籠茨的主要接頭「鑿孔穿攏」進行符合ISO16670規範之竹接頭抗彎試驗及抗剪試驗。由於竹籠茨在不同地域使用之竹種有別,測試兩類竹種搭配試體,即莿竹搭配長枝竹與孟宗竹搭配桂竹,同時考量竹桿不同區段的材料性質,試體亦分為細料取自竹頭、細料取自竹尾兩種。試驗結果顯示,鑿孔穿攏接頭的極限剪力大幅高於極限彎矩,顯示其破壞由彎矩控制。由於竹材在竹頭區段的壁厚、外徑皆大於竹尾,故細料取自竹頭的試體的各項力學性能皆顯著高於細料取自竹尾的試體。莿竹搭配長枝竹試體之試驗強度普遍優於孟宗竹搭配桂竹試體,原因可能為長枝竹外徑普遍大於桂竹外徑之故。本研究根據接頭試驗的結果推導鑿孔穿攏竹接頭的轉動剛度預測公式,可藉由垂直粗料的剪力模數、壁厚、外徑以及水平細料的外徑等四個幾何參數估算此類型接頭的轉動剛度。
最後本研究統整竹材基本力學試驗及竹接頭試驗的結果,使用Midas結構分析軟體建立竹籠茨示範案例之架扇結構分析模型。考量竹籠茨的自重較輕,結構設計由風力控制,本研究依據《建築物耐風設計規範及解說》計算風載重執行結構分析。由於竹籠茨架扇基本結構為四角格子狀組成,其側向受力行為直接受轉動剛度影響,本研究嘗試將屋頂斜構件納入結構模型分析,與原始架扇相較,納入屋頂斜構件時,竹桿內力雖有所提高,但接頭彎矩與架扇整體側向變形量皆會明顯降低。而無論是否納入屋頂構件,接頭在B地況設計風力下之彎矩及變形角皆小於本文試驗測得之平均極限彎矩及對應變形角,顯示此構造具備合理的耐風性能。
Bamboo, with its short growth cycle, carbon sequestration, and low environmental impact, has gained increasing attention in architecture. Modern bamboo structures feature diverse forms and joints, meaning that research on specific joint types is often limited to only a few cases. In contrast, traditional bamboo structures have standardized forms and joints, making findings broadly applicable. This study focuses on Zhulongci, a traditional Taiwanese bamboo structure, and proposes a structural analysis method for it.
Common species used in Zhulongci include Bambusa stenostachya, Bambusa dolichoclada, Phyllostachys pubescens and Phyllostachys makinoi. As prior studies lacked data for B. dolichoclada, mechanical tests were conducted under ISO 22157 to complete the database for analysis.
Through field surveys of existing cases in Tainan, common joint types of Zhulongci were identified. The primary joint type was subjected to bending and shear tests in accordance with ISO 16670. The mechanical characteristics and failure modes of this joint were summarized, and an empirical formula for estimating rotational stiffness was derived. Structural designers can thus estimate the rotational stiffness of bamboo joints based on the specific bamboo dimensions employed.
Finally, this study integrated the results of both the material and joint tests to carry out an actual structural analysis of Zhulongci using Midas structural analysis software.
1. ISO, ISO22157: Bamboo structures—Determination of physical and mechanical properties of bamboo culms—Test methods, 2019.
2. ISO, ISO16670: Timber structures — Joints made with mechanical fasteners — Quasi-static reversed-cyclic test method, 2003.
3. 李依諾,「臺灣本土竹材應用於建築結構之設計研究」,碩士論文,國立成功大學建築系,2024。
4. 鄭少耘,「台灣常用竹構接合型式分類與結構性能試驗」,碩士論文,國立成功大學建築系,2022。
5. 張紋韶,「台灣傳統穿鬪式木接點旋轉行為之研究」,博士論文,國立成功大學建築系,2006。
6. 游家誠,「古蹟歷史建築修復施作過程竹材保護棚架系統之研擬應用」,碩士論文,國立成功大學建築系,2009。
7. Davies, C., “Bamboo Connections”, Master Thesis, University of Bath, 2008.
8. Harries, K. A., Rogers, C., & Brancaccio, M., “Bamboo joint capacity determined by ISO 22156 ‘complete joint testing’ provisions”, Advances in Bamboo Science, 1, 100003, 2022.
9. Widyowijatnoko, A., “Traditional and Innovative Joints in Bamboo Construction,” Ph.D. Thesis, RWTH Aachen University, 2012.
10. 黃世孟、劉安平,「推展竹材建築與落實竹材科技補助研究計畫」,內政部建築研究所補助研究計畫報告,2003。
11. 永井拓生、陶器浩一,「竹の設計強度の算定および人力施工が可能な接合法の開発」,日本建築学会技術報告集,第22巻第52号,925-928,2016。
12. ISO, ISO 22156: Bamboo structures — Bamboo culms — Structural design, 2021.
13. ISO, ISO TR 21141: Timber structures — Timber connections and assemblies — determination of yield and ultimate characteristics and ductility from test data, 2022.
14. ISO, ISO 12122–5: Timber structures — Determination of characteristic values — Part 5: Mechanical connections, 2018.
15. 內政部國土署,「建築物耐風設計規範及解說」,2014。