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研究生: 周威霆
Chou, Wei-Tin
論文名稱: 邊緣裂縫圓盤石膏III型斷裂韌度量測之研究
A Study of Measuring the Mode III Fracture Toughness of a Gypsum Disk with an Edged Crack
指導教授: 王建力
Wang, Chien-Li
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 資源工程學系
Department of Resources Engineering
論文出版年: 2012
畢業學年度: 100
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 126
中文關鍵詞: Ⅲ型斷裂韌度反平面剪力剪力模數
外文關鍵詞: mode Ⅲ fracture toughness, anti-plane shear, shear modulus
相關次數: 點閱:65下載:1
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  • 本研究將依據Chen(2009)所推導之理論公式設計一套Ⅲ型斷裂韌度試驗,針對單一及複合含邊緣裂縫石膏試體受反平面剪力情形進行研究。本研究之實驗條件為無圍壓及簡單化荷重加載下進行Ⅲ型斷裂試驗,且針對試體厚度、反平面剪力加載範圍與作用位置為變數條件下,本研究完成一套室內實驗程序,並以Chen(2009)之公式來計算Ⅲ型斷裂韌度。
    本研究發現,在10mm厚度之試體與70°弧度受力範圍,並接近裂縫端之試驗,可測得較為穩定保守之Ⅲ型斷裂韌度值。試驗結果顯示兩相異石膏複合型態試體之Ⅲ型斷裂韌度值介於兩不同均質石膏Ⅲ型斷裂韌度值之間。然而使用剪力模數大於基底石膏材料複合時,Ⅲ型斷裂韌度值會隨剪力模數比變大而增大。使用剪力模數較小之材料複合,則會有相反的情況。

    This study proposes to design a set of mode Ⅲ fracture toughness test based on Chen’s (2009) theoretical formula. The test samples were made by homogeneous and composite gypsum specimens. The circular disks with edge crack were prepared to be under an anti-plane shear loading condition. No confining pressure was applied in the test and a simplistic mode Ⅲ fracture toughness test was carried out. The effects of different thicknesses of the specimens with different anti-plane shear arc loading conditions were investigated. In this study, Chen’s formula was used to evaluate the mode Ⅲ fracture toughness.
    This study finds that the specimen of 10 mm thickness with 70° arc loading condition can achieve the most conservative values of mode Ⅲ fracture toughness. The experimental results show that the mode Ⅲ fracture toughness of different gypsum composite specimen can be a function of shear modulus ratio.

    摘要 II Abstract IV 致謝 V 目錄 VI 表目錄 X 圖目錄 XII 符號表 XVII 第一章 緒論 1 1-1 研究背景與動機 1 1-2 研究目的 2 第二章 文獻回顧 5 2-1 基本大地脆性材料斷裂力學理論 5 2-2 斷裂力學之演進 6 2-3 Ⅲ型斷裂相關理論 11 2-3-1 材料中存在裂縫或溝槽對斷裂之影響 11 2-3-2 大地脆性材料與Ⅲ型斷裂之相關性理論 12 2-3-3 複合楔形體受力理論 12 2-3-4 Ⅲ型斷裂之理論狀態 16 2-4 Ⅲ型斷裂相關實驗 18 2-4-1 邊緣裂紋扭轉試驗 18 2-4-2 混合型之斷裂韌度試驗 18 2-4-3 反裂式平板彎曲試驗 21 2-4-4 以平板彎曲試驗求曲石材Ⅲ型斷裂韌度 23 2-4-5 邊緣裂紋扭轉試驗之改良測試 23 2-4-6 試體樣態與荷重位置對於Ⅲ型能量釋放率之影響 25 2-5 Ⅲ型斷裂面樣態之相關探討 27 2-5-1 反平面沖剪試驗之岩石斷裂特徵分析 27 2-5-2 相異材料性質及樣態下之斷口與斷裂韌度變化 28 2-5-3 相異實驗下之斷裂型態觀察 30 2-5-4 扭轉疲勞試驗模式下Ⅲ型裂口特徵 32 第三章 試驗計劃 34 3-1 試驗規劃 34 3-2 試驗設備 34 3-2-1 軸向載重系統 34 3-2-2 資料擷取系統 36 3-2-3 Kitchen Aid 材料攪拌機 36 3-2-4 小型輪型切割刀具 37 3-3 試體材料 37 3-4 模具與試體製備介紹 40 3-4-1 單軸壓縮試驗之圓柱試體模具 41 3-4-2 單軸壓縮試驗之圓柱試體製備 42 3-4-3 邊緣裂縫圓盤試體模具 44 3-4-4 Ⅲ型斷裂韌度試驗之邊緣裂縫圓盤試體製備 46 3-5 反平面剪力荷重自體平衡加載模具 49 3-6 試驗步驟 52 3-6-2 單軸壓縮試驗步驟 52 3-6-1 脆性材料Ⅲ型環境條件擬定之試驗步驟 53 3-6-3 石膏材料均質與複合型態下Ⅲ型斷裂韌度量測步驟 53 3-6-4 石膏材料均質型態厚度變異下Ⅲ型斷裂韌度量測 55 第四章 試驗結果與討論 57 4-1 邊緣裂縫圓盤試體Ⅲ型斷裂之材料與樣態擬定結果 57 4-1-1 Ⅲ型裂紋起裂與擴展測試結果 57 4-1-2 溝槽深度與厚度之比例測試 65 4-1-3 裂縫尖端型態與溝槽深度,對裂紋擴展之影響 68 4-2 材料基本力學性質試驗 73 4-3 相異石膏材料之Ⅲ型斷裂測試 76 4-4 複合型態試體之膠結性測試 78 4-5 石膏材料Ⅲ型斷裂韌度量測 81 4-5-1 10mm厚度均質試體之KⅢ量測 84 4-5-2 5mm厚度均質試體之KⅢ量測 91 4-5-3 複合型石膏試體之KⅢ量測 96 4-5-4 加載弧度與試體厚度變換下對Ⅲ型斷裂韌度值之影響 100 4-5-5 複合型態下對Ⅲ型斷裂韌度值之影響 105 第五章 結論與建議 109 5-1 結論 109 5-2 建議 110 附錄 111 取用樣本試體之Ⅲ型斷裂韌度值 111 參考文獻 123

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