摘 要
針對二仁溪的九個測站，於2008年7月到2008年12月半年期間，固定每月採樣一次，期間並針對颱風事件於颱風前、後作採樣工作以測量河水中的DOC,POC,DIC及PIC含量及研究其與時間（季節、月）、空間的變化，並評估河水的碳通量以探討及研究控制二仁溪碳通量的制機。
研究中發現，濕季時受到降雨形成的稀釋作用影響，造成了較低的DOC及DIC值。溼季時因大量降雨的關係造成河水涇流量增加，沖刷土壤中儲存因光合作用產生的有機碳及其它來源有機碳，因而造成河水中POC提高，也加速沉澱及沖刷的速率及風化和侵蝕作用，因此造成PIC在濕季時有較高的值。
在空間的分佈上，二仁溪的中、上游地質的主要成分為碳酸鹽地質，PIC、POC、DIC、DOC在中、上游測站有相對較大的值，主要的可能原因是受到大量降雨的結果，加速流域內地質風化的強度及對圍岩的侵蝕作用所造成。
在每月的涇流量、及月TOC通量之間則呈現良好的線性關係，若能知道每月的涇流量，即可估算出當月的TOC通量，由數據得知研究期間半年內排入到海水中的TC為1.35×105噸，其中TOC約佔
39.6％；TIC約佔60.4％，此結果與前人研究相當吻合。在二仁溪河水碳通量中，總有機碳TOC通量為5.35×104噸，POC通量為1.03×104噸，DOC通量為4.32×104噸相較於全球其它主要河川，TOC通量約為Amazon的10－4，Yellow的8.4×10－4。
在颱風事件部分，颱風過後因降雨量降加，增強對土壤的侵蝕作用，造成懸浮顆粒物質濃度(SPM)提高，更形成釋稀效應，因此在 pH 值、導電度、DOC於颱風後變低，加上圍岩溶解的關係造成於颱風後DIC上升。颱風後的DOC、POC的通量及TOC略為上升；但DIC通量則大幅增加且幾為颱風前的2倍，PIC 及TIC通量亦呈現上升的現象，這是因為增加的降雨量迅速沖刷土壤，且岩石在風化過程中，吸收二氧化碳造成較低的pH值與較高的DIC值，另外在土壤中儲存因光合作用產生的有機碳，也會隨著河水也被沖刷進入海洋中。

Abstract
We investigate the nine sampling sites of the Erhjen River monthly for half of the year from Jul 2008 to Dec 2008, also before and after the typhoon events at the same periods to evaluate the content of the DOC, POC, DIC and PIC of the river to study the temporal and special variation of it. And the carbon flux of the Erhjen River to the sea, the controlling mechanism of the Erhjen Riverine carbon flux were also evaluated.
Results show that the lower DOC and DIC concentrations are caused by dilution of the rainfall during the wet seasons. The river runoff incr eases because of the large rainfall during the wet season, and rushes the organic carbon to the sea, which is produced by the photosynthesis or from other sources and is stored in the soil. It causes the increasing of POC concentration , and adds the rate of sedimentation, rushing, weathering and erosion. As a result, we have a higher PIC concentration in the wet seasons.
The major component of the Erhjen River is carbonate. The PIC, POC, DIC, DOC concentration is higher in the middle and upper stream of the Erhjen Riverine. The major reason is probably the result of the large rainfall, which increases the intensity of the weathering and the erosion of the surrounding rocks in the river.
There is a good relationship between the monthly runoff and monthly TOC flux. If we know the monthly runoff, we would get the monthly TOC flux. The TC flux was 1.35×105 tones for the half year research, the TOC is about 39.6 0/0, TIC 60.4 0/0. The result is well confirmed with the literature published. As to the carbon flux of the Erhjen River, the TOC flux is 5.35×104 tones, POC flux 1.03×104 tones, DOC 4.32×104 tones, compared with the major rivers in the world, the TOC flux is about 10-4 of the Amazon, 8.4×10-4 of the Yellow.
For the typhoon events, the rainfall increases after typhoon, and enriches the erosion of the soil, which adds the SPM. The pH, conductivity, DOC concentration are lower due to the dilution effect of the large rainfall. The DIC concentration adds because of the dissolution of the surrounding rocks after typhoon. The DOC, POC and TOC flux increases, but the DIC flux increases more and almost 2 times before the typhoon is going to come. Because the rainfall increases and rushes the soil, that is the reason why PIC and TIC flux increases.
During the process of the weathering, the river absorbs the carbon dioxide and forms lower pH and higher DIC. On the other hand, the organic carbon which is produced by the photosynthesis is stored in the soil, it will also be rushed into the ocean by the river.

參考文獻
中文部分：
鍾小良，2002，二仁溪河水地球化學和同位素初探，國立成功大學地球科學研究所碩士論文。
陳瑞宗，2008，二仁溪河水中的鉛-210、釙-210不平衡及其環境意義，國立成功大學地球科學研究所碩士論文。
行政院環保署二仁溪再生願景整治管理系統，二仁溪流域污染現況， <http://ivy1.epa.gov.tw/runlet/env/env03.asp?#03-1>

西文部分：

Accardi-Dey, A., Gschwend, P.M.,Assessing the combined roles of natural organic matter and black carbon as sorbents in sediments.Environmental Science and Technology 36, 21–29 , 2002.
Alexandre Forest , Makoto Sampei , Hiroshi Hattori , Ryosuke Makabe ,
Hiroshi Sasaki , Mitsuo Fukuchi , Paul Wassmann , Louis Fortier , Particulate organic carbon fluxes on the slope of the Mackenzie Shelf (Beaufort Sea): Physical and biological forcing of shelf-basin exchanges , Journal of Marine Systems 68 ,39–54 , 2007.
Amiotte Suchet, P., Probst, J.-L.A global model for present-day atmospheric/soil CO2 consumption by chemical erosion of continental rocks (Gem-CO2).Tellus Series B 47, 273–280, 1995.
Amiotte Suchet, P., Probst, J.-L., Ludwig,W.World distribution of continental rock lithology: implications for the atmospheric/soil CO2 uptake by continental weathering and alkalinity river transport to the oceans. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 17 (2), 1038 , 2003.
Arzayus, K.M., Dickhut, R.M., Canuel, E.A. Fate of atmospherically deposited polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Chesapeake Bay. Environmental Science and Technology 35, 2178–2183. 2001.
Cai, W.-J. Riverine inorganic carbon flux and rate of biological uptake in the Mississippi River plume. Geophysical Research Letters 30(2), 1032, doi:10.1029/2002GL016312 , 2003.
Carey, A.E., Gardner, C.B., Goldsmith, S.T., Lyons,W.B., and Hicks, D.M., Organic carbon yields from small, mountainous rivers, New Zealand: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 32, L15404, doi: .1029/2005GL023159, 2005.
Chen, L.G., Ran, Y., Xing, B.S., Mai, B.X., He, J.H., Wei, X.G., Fu, J.M., Sheng, G.Y. Contents and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organochlorine pesticides in vegetable soils of Guangzhou, China. Chemosphere 60, 879–890 , 2005.
Chen, S.-J., Luo, X.-J., Mai, B.-X., Fu, J.-M., Sheng, G.-Y., Zeng, E.Y. Distribution and mass inventories of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organochlorine pesticides in sediments of the Pearl River Estuary and the northern South China Sea. Environmental Science and Technology 40, 709–714 , 2006.
Coynel, A., Seyler, P., Etcheber, H., Meybeck, M., Orange, D.,
Spatial and seasonal dynamics of total suspended sediment and
organic carbon species in the Congo River. Global Biogeochemical
Cycles 19, GB4019, 2005.
Degens, E.T., Kempe, S., Richey, J.E. Summary: biogeochemistry of major world rivers. In: Degens, E.T., Kempe, S., Richey, J.E. (Eds.), Biogeochemistry of Major World Rivers. SCOPE Report 42. Wiley, Chichester, New York, pp. 323–347 , 1991.
Gieskes, J.M. Effect of temperature on the pH of seawater. Limnology and Oceanography 14, 679–685 , 1969.
Hinga, K.R. Degradation rates of low molecular weight PAH correlate with sediment TOC in marine subtidal sediments. Marine Pollution Bulletin 46, 466–474 , 2003.
Ho, K.C., Hui, K.C.C. Chemical contamination of the East River (Dongjiang) and its implication on sustainable development in the Pearl River Delta. Environment International 26, 303–308 , 2001.
Hong-Gang Ni , Feng-Hui Lu , Xian-Lin Luo , Hui-Yu Tian , Eddy Y Zeng , Riverine inputs of total organic carbon and suspended particulate matter from the Pearl River Delta to the coastal ocean off South China, Marine Pollution Bulletin 56, 1150–115 , 2008.
Howland, R.J.M., Tappin, A.D., Uncles, R.J., Plummer, D.H., Bloomer, N.J.
Distributions and seasonal variability of pH and alkalinity in the Tweed
estuary, UK. Science of the Total Environment 251, 125–138, 2000.
Jérôme Viers, Bernard Dupré, Jérôme Gaillardet，Chemical composition of suspended sediments in World Rivers: New insights from a new database，Science of the total environment 407, 853-868, 2009.
J.P. Liu , , C.S. Liu , K.H. Xu , J.D. Milliman , J.K. Chiu , S.J. Kao , S.W. Lin , Flux and fate of small mountainous rivers derived sediments into the Taiwan Strait , Marine Geology 256 , 65–76 ,2008.
K. Balakrishna , Itta Arun Kumar , G. Srinikethan , and Gopal Mugeraya Natural and anthropogenic factors controlling the dissolved organic carbon concentrations and fluxes in a large tropical river , India， Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 122：355-364, 2006.
Lyons, W.B., Carey, A.E., Hicks, D.M., and Nezat,C.A.,Chemical weathering in highsediment-yielding watersheds, New Zealand: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 110, F01008, doi: 10.1029/2003JF000088, 2005.
Meybeck, M. Global chemical-weathering of surficial rocks estimated from river dissolved loads. American Journal of Science 287, 401–428 , 1987.
Osamu Sekia , Chisato Yoshikawa , Takeshi Nakatsuka , Kimitaka Kawamura , Masaaki Wakatsuchi , Fluxes, source and transport of organic matter in the western Sea of Okhotsk : Stable carbon isotopic ratios of n-alkanes and total organic carbon , Deep-Sea Research I 53 , 253–270 , 2006.
Ouyang, Y. Simulating dynamic load of naturally occurring TOC from watershed into a river. Water Research 37, 823–832 , 2003.
Probst, J.L., Nkounkou, R.R., Krempp, G., Bricquet, J.P., Thiebaux, J.P., Olivry, J.C. Dissolved major elements exported by the Congo and the Ubangi rivers during the period 1987–1989. Journal of Hydrology 135, 237–257 , 1992.
Richey, J.E., Melack, J.M., Aufdenkampe, A.K., Ballester, V.M., Hess, L.L. Outgassing from Amazonian rivers and wetlands as a large tropical source of atmospheric CO2. Nature 416, 617–620 , 2002.
Seki, O., Yoshikawa, C., Nakatsuka, T., Kawamura, K., Wakatsuchi, M. Fluxes, source and transport of organic matter in the western Sea of Okhotsk: stable carbon isotopic ratios of n-alkanes and total organic carbon. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 153, 253–270 , 2006.
Shuh-Ji Kao，Kon-Kee Liu ，Particulate organic carbon export from a subtropical mountainous river (Lanyang Hsi) in Taiwan，Limnol. Oceanogr., 41(g), 1749-1757 , 1996.
Shurong Zhang , X.X. Lu , Huiguo Sun , Jingtai Han , David Laurence Higgitt ,Geochemical characteristics and fluxes of organic carbon in a human-disturbed mountainous river (the Luodingjiang River) of the Zhujiang (Pearl River), China , Science of the total environment 407, 815 –825 ,2009.
Tardy, Y., Bustillo, V., Boeglin, J.L. Geochemistry applied to the watershedsurvey: hydrograph separation, erosion and soil dynamics. A case study: thebasin of the Niger River, Africa. Applied Geochemistry 19, 469–518. , 2004.
Wu, Y., Zhang, J., Liu, S.M., Zhang, Z.F., Yao, Q.Z., Hong, G.H., Cooper, L. Sources and distribution of carbon within the Yangtze River system. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 71, 13–25 , 2007.
Xianghui Guo, Wei-Jun Cai ,Weidong Zhai , Minhan Dai , Yongchen Wang , Baoshan Chen , Seasonal variations in the inorganic carbon system in the Pearl River (Zhujiang) estuary Continental Shelf Research 28 , 1424–1434 , 2008.
Y.J.-M. Kone , A.V. Borges , Dissolved inorganic carbon dynamics in the waters surrounding forested mangroves of the Ca Mau Province (Vietnam) Estuarine , Coastal and Shelf Science 77 , 409–421 , 2008 .
Y. Wu , J. Zhang , S.M. Liu , Z.F. Zhang , Q.Z. Yao , G.H. Hong , L. Cooper , Sources and distribution of carbon within the Yangtze River systemEstuarine , Coastal and Shelf Science 71 , 13–25 , 2007.
Zhang, J., Liu, S.M., Xu, H., Yu, Z.G., Lai, S.Q., Zhang, H., Geng, G.Y., Chen, J.F. Riverine sources and estuarine fates of particulate organic carbon from North China in late summer. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 46, 439–448 , 1998.

書籍部分
陳鎮東，海洋化學，茂昌圖書有限公司，台灣台北市，311-351頁，1994。
江漢全，水質分析，三民書局，台灣台北市，95-124頁，1996。