簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 陳靜嫻
Chen, Ching-Hsien
論文名稱: 印尼籍配偶教養量表信效度之檢定
Reliability and Validity of Parenting Scale among Indonesia Mothers with Transnational Marriage
指導教授: 徐畢卿
Shu, Bih-Ching
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 醫學院 - 護理學系
Department of Nursing
論文出版年: 2006
畢業學年度: 94
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 89
中文關鍵詞: 教養量表印尼籍母親的教養跨國婚姻
外文關鍵詞: transnational marriage, Indonesia mothers parenting, parenting scale
相關次數: 點閱:113下載:4
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 在台灣每8位新生兒就有一位為外籍配偶所生,儘管如此,仍缺乏客觀有效的評估教養工具。莊於2005年,經深度訪談、資料分析和量表翻譯的過程發展M-CRPR印尼版教養量表,但所形成的M-CRPR印尼版教養量表未進行信效度檢定。因此,本研究目的在建構M-CRPR印尼版教養量表之信效度。
    本研究所使用的量表,採自填問卷(Likert scale 5-point ranging),次量表包括「支持」18題、「限制」22題。本研究方法包括量表翻譯和信效度的檢定兩部分。在量表翻譯的部份:首先將已由英文翻譯成印尼文的「Indonesian Modified Child Rearing Practice Report」M-CRPR印尼版教養量表,聘請多位印尼籍女性配偶進行回覆翻譯(backward translation),以確保翻譯量表語意順暢且具文化適切性。在信效度檢定的部份:以立意取樣,依題目與樣本比率為1:5-10,選取居住在屏東縣印尼籍女性配偶201位進行量表施測後,再以因素分析進行效度檢定;以Cronbach’s α進行內在一致性檢定、以ICC(Intraclass Correlation Coefficient)進行再測信度檢定。
    結果發現:(一)在因素分析的部分:獲得39題,分支持「nurturance」17題、限制「restrictiveness」15題(item)、保護「protection」7題(item),其解釋變異量為28.34%;因素負荷值介於0.30-0.69,(二)信度部分:內在一致性(internal consistency reliability)Cronbach’s α為.84,次量表Cronbach’s α則介於.79至.55間;間隔2-4週之再測信度,ICC值為 0.88,次量表ICC值介於0.87至.63之間。
    整體而言,M-CRPR印尼版教養量表有良好的信效度,本M-CRPR印尼版教養量表適用於評估印尼籍女性配偶的教養狀況。

    The proportion of foreign spouses’ offspring has been steadily increasing in Taiwan. One out of ten newborns has belonged to this group since 2002 but this new social phenomenon lacks objective and effective assessment and parenting tools.
    The Indonesian M-CRPR parenting scale version was developed by Chuang (2005). There were three steps in developing the Indonesian M-CRPR. First, 21 Indonesian mothers participated in in-depth interviews and focus groups relating to their parenting experiences. Second, the mothers’ narratives were examined in order to determine whether their parenting experiences corresponded to the items on the M-CRPR. The items of the M-CRPR then were translated into Indonesian and back-translated into English by the bilingual experts. However, the reliability and validity of the Indonesian M-CRPR parenting scale was not verified. Thus, the purpose of this study was to verify the reliability and validity of the Indonesian M-CRPR parenting scale for Indonesian mothers with a transnational marriage living in Taiwan.
    Together with the Indonesian M-CRPR parenting scale is a 5-point Likert-type scale which consists of two dimensions: nurturance (18 items) and restrictiveness (22 items). The first method of study was based on the back-translation by Indonesian mothers in a transnational marriage and evaluating the exactitude of the translated instrument. In the second method, the scale was validated. Indonesian mothers in a transnational marriage and with 3 to 12 year old children were recruited.
    The third method of study consisted in validation by factor analysis. Based on the ratio of items and samples being 1: 5-10, we recruited 201 Indonesian mothers in a transnational marriage who gave their consent and filled out the Indonesian version of M-CRPR. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 11.0. A factor analysis based on principal components factor analysis with varimax rotation, internal consistency with Cronbach’s α, and test-retest with ICC (Intra-class Correlation Coefficient) was measured.
    From the outcome of the 39-item scale, we extracted three factors: nurturance (17items), restrictiveness (15items) and protection (7items). The total variance was 28.34%, for which factor loading was between 0.30 and 0.69. The total value of internal consistency reliability was 0.84, for which subscales were between 0.79 and 0.55. The test-retest interval for the current study was from 2 to 4 weeks with the ICC. The ICC was 0.88, for which subscales were between 0.87 and 0.63.
    The reliability and validity of the Indonesian M-CRPR was established. It may eventually prove valuable in identifying the scale best adapted for a specific sample group, to provide information for establishing policies or organizing services, and to provide an appropriate tool for studying in the interaction between parents and their children.

    中文摘要 i 英文摘要 iv 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究動機與重要性 1 第二節 研究目的 3 第三節 研究問題 3 第四節 名詞定義 3 第二章 文獻探討 4 第一節 教養的定義與理論 4 壹、教養的定義 4 貳、教養的理論 6 第二節 教養量表的分類與教養之相關研究 9 壹、教養量表的分類 9 貳、教養對子女的影響之相關研究 13 參、教養與文化之相關研究 16 第三節 測量的理論與方法及教養的測量之相關研究 19 壹、測量的理論與方法 19 貳、教養量表的測量之相關研究 23 參、教養量表最新研究發展 32 第三章 研究流程與方法 35 第一節 研究流程 35 第二節 研究對象 39 壹、研究對象 39 貳、研究對象之權利維護 39 第三節 研究工具 40 第四節 資料處理與統計方法 40 第四章 研究結果 42 第一節 研究對象基本人口學之特質 42 第二節 第二節 M-CRPR印尼版教養量表之翻譯 47 第三節 M-CRPR印尼版教養量表之因素分析 49 第四節 M-CRPR印尼版教養量表之信度 55 第五章 討論 56 第一節 M-CRPR印尼版教養量表之翻譯 56 第二節 M-CRPR印尼版教養量表之效度 57 第三節 M-CRPR印尼版教養量表之信度 61 第六章 結論與建議 62 第一節 結論 62 第二節 建議 62 第三節 研究限制 64 第四節 本研究未來之應用 64 參考資料 65 附錄一 M-CRPR印尼版教養量表 77 附錄二 M-CRPR教養量表中英文對照 87

    中文部份:
    內政部統計處(2006,1月19日)‧內政統計通報:九十五年第三週內政部統計通報(94年國人結婚之外籍與大陸配偶人數統計)‧線上檢索日期:2006年5月21日‧取自:http://www.moi.gov.tw/stat/index.asp
    內政部統計資料服務網(2006,6月2日)‧內政統計通報:九十五年第二十二週內政部統計通報(94年新生嬰兒生母狀況分析)‧線上檢索日期:2006年7月24日‧取自:http://www.moi.gov.tw/stat/index.asp
    王保進(2004)‧多變量分析-套裝程式與資料分析‧台北:高等教育文化事業。
    王鍾和(1993)‧家庭結構、父母的管教方式對子女行為表現之研究,台北:政治 大學教育研究所博士論文。
    印尼駐華使館(無日期)‧In China Indonesia Embassy‧2006年7月29日取自http://www.indonesianembassy-china.com/
    吳明燁(1998)‧青少年初期父親與母親管教行為之比較‧東吳社會學報,7,39-79。
    吳淑芳(2006)‧國外量表之兩階段翻譯及信、效度測試‧護理雜誌,23(1),65-70。
    吳麗娟(1998)‧父母自我分化、教養態度對青少年子女自我分化、因應策略及適應影響之研究‧教育學報,30(1),91-132。
    李文傑、吳齊殷(2004)‧棒打出壞子?青少年暴力行為的連結機制‧台灣社會學,7,1-46。
    沈倖如(2003)‧天堂之梯?-臺越跨國商品化婚姻中的權力與抵抗‧未發表碩士論文,新竹:國立清華大學。
    周玉慧、吳齊殷(2001)‧教養方式、親子互動與青少年行為:親子覺知相對重要性‧人文及社學集刊,13(4),439-476。
    林惠雅(1995)‧父母教養行為問卷之編製‧應用心理學報,4,39-72。
    林惠雅(1999)‧教養信念、教養目標與教養行為(二):問卷編制與相關分析‧應用心理研究,3,219-244。
    邱浩政(2005)‧量化研究與統計分析-SPSS中文視窗版資料分析範例解析‧台北:五南圖書出版公司。
    姚開屏(2000)‧簡介與評論常用的一般性健康相關生活品質量表兼談對未來研究的建議‧中國測驗學會測驗年刊,47(2),111-138。
    徐畢卿、羅文倬、龍佛衛(1999)‧雙親教養態度量表中文版之信效度研究‧護理研究,7(5),479-489。
    張春興(1996)‧教育心理學-三化取向的理論與實踐(二版)‧台北:東華。
    張春興、林清山(1990)‧教育心理學(六版)‧台北:東華。
    莫藜藜、賴珮玲(2004)‧台灣社會「少子化」與外籍配偶子女的問題初探‧社區發展季刊,105,55-65。
    莊麗玉(2005)‧印尼籍配偶教養量表之初探‧未發表碩士論文,台南:國立成功大學。
    郭芳君(2003)‧父母教養方式、自我韌性與內在性自我控制、少年偏差行為之關係研究‧未發表碩士論文,台南:國立成功大學。
    陳小娥、蘇建文(1977)‧父母教養行為與少年生活適應‧教育心理學報,10, 91-106。
    黃拓榮(1997)‧國中生父母管教方式、自我概念失敗容忍力與偏差行為關係之研究‧教育資料文摘,40(3),114-134。
    黃森泉、張雯雁(2003)‧外籍新娘婚姻適應與子女教養問題之探討‧社會科教育研究,8,135-169。
    楊國樞(1986)‧家庭因素與子女行為:台灣研究的評析‧中華心理學刊,28,7-28。
    葉光輝(1995)‧社會化歷程中的父母教化方式與子女的行為發展‧中華心理學刊,37,149-167。
    葉至誠、葉立誠(1999)‧研究方法與論文寫作‧台北:商鼎文化出版社。
    葉淑惠(2004)‧東南亞女性外籍配偶生活適應與補校學習-以竹北市中正國小補校 為例‧未發表碩士論文,新竹:中華大學。 
    劉明松(1998)‧家庭結構、父母教養方式與學業成就關係之研究‧教育資料文摘,42(3),123-140。
    劉美芳(2001)‧跨國婚姻中菲籍女性的生命述說生活探究‧未發表碩士論文,高雄:高雄醫學大學。
    簡茂發(1978)‧父母教養態度與少小學兒童生活適應之關係‧教育心理學報,11,63-86。
    蘇建文、龔美娟(1994)‧母親依附經驗、教養方式與學前兒童依附關係之相關研究‧教育心理學報,27,1-33。
    英文部分:
    Arnold, D. S., O’Leary, S. G., Wolff, L. S., & Acker, M. M. (1993). The parenting scale: A measure of dysfunctional parenting in discipline situations. Psychological Assessment, 5, 137-144.
    Baumrind, D. (1967). Child care practices anteceding 3 patterns of preschool behavior. Genetic Psychology Monograph, 75, 43-88.
    Baumrind, D. (1971). Current patterns and parental authority. Developmental Psychology Monograph, 4(1), 1-130.
    Baumrind, D. (1991). The influence of parenting style on adolescent competence and substance use. Journal of Early Adolescence, 11 (1), 56-95 .
    Baumrind, D. (1996). The discipline controversy revised. Family Relations, 45, 405-414.
    Becker, W. C. (1964). Consequences of different kinds of parental disciplines. In M.L. Hoffman (Eds). Review of child development research (Vol.1). New York: Russel Sage.
    Belsky, J. (1984). The determinants of parenting: A process model. Child Development, 55(1), 83-96.
    Berg-Nielsen, T. S., & Holen, A. (2003). From clinical towards research interview: parenting problems with troubled adolescents. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 44, 319-329.
    Bronstein, P., & Duncan, P. (1996). Family and parenting behaviors predicting middle school adjustment. Family Relations, 54(4), 415-427.
    Buri, J. (1991). Parental authority questionnaire. Journal of Personality Assessment, 57(1), 110-119.
    Burns, N., & Grove, S. K.(2001). The practice of nursing research: conduct, critique & utilization(4nd ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders.
    Cambridge Dictionary of Online - Cambridge University Press. (2005, April 20). Definitions child-rearing. Cambridge Dictionary Online. Available http: define. asp? key = 13073 & dict = CALD
    Cambridge Dictionary of Online-Cambridge University Press. (2005, April 20). Definitions parenting. Cambridge Dictionary Online. Available http:// dictionary. cambridge.org/ define.asp? dict = CALD & key = 57586 & ph = off
    Carmines, E. G, & Zeller, R. A. (1979). Reliability and validity assessment. Newbury Park, Calif.: Sage Publications
    Chao, R. K. (1994). Beyond parental control and authoritarian parenting style: Understanding Chinese parenting through the cultural notion of training. Child Development, 65, 1111-1119.
    Chao, R. K. (2000). The parenting of immigrant Chinese and European American mothers: Relations between parenting style, socialization goal, and parental. Journal of Applied Development Psychology, 21(3), 233-248.
    Chao, R. K. (2001). Extending research on the consequences of parenting style for Chinese Americans and European Americans. Child Development, 72, 1832-1843.
    Chen, X., Liu, M., & Li, D. (2000). Parental warmth, control, and indulgence and their relations to adjustment in Chinese children: A longitudinal study. Journal of Family Psychology, 14(3), 401-419.
    Chiu, L-H. (1987). Child-rearing attitudes of Chinese, Chinese-American and Anglo- American mothers. International Journal of Psychology, 22, 409-419.
    Daly, W. C. (2004). Gesell's infant growth orientation: A composite. Journal of Instructional Psychology, 31(4), 321-324.
    Darling, N., & Steinberg, L. (1993). Parenting style as context: An integrative model. Psychological Bulletin, 113(3), 487-496.
    Deater-Deckard, K., & Dodge, K. A. (1997). Externalizing Behavior Problems and Discipline Revisited: Nonlinear Effects and Variation by Culture, Context, and Gender, Psychological Inquiry, 8(3), 161-175.
    Dekovic, M., Janssens, J. M., & Gerris, J. R. (1991). Factor structure and construct validity of the Block Child Rearing Practices Report (CRPR). Psychological Assessment, 3(2), 182-187.
    DeVellis, R. F. (1991). Scale development theory and application. London: SAGE.
    Elder, G. H. (1962). Structural variations in child-rearing relationship. Sociometry, 25, 241-262.
    Fox, R. A. (1992). Development of an instrument to measure the behavior and expectations of parents of young children. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 17(2), 231-239.
    Gorman, J. C. (1998). Parenting attitudes and practices of immigrant Chinese mothers of adolescents. Family Relations, 47, 73-80.
    Holden, G. W., & Edwards, L. A. (1989). Parental attitude toward child rearing: Instruments, issues, and implications. Psychological Bulletin, 106, 29-58.
    Jang, S. J., & Smith, C. A. (1997). A test of reciprocal causal relationship among parental supervision, affective ties, and delinquency. The Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 34 (3), 307-336.
    Jensen, L. C. & Kingston, M. (1986). Parenting. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
    Kochanska, G.., Kuczynski, L., & Radke-Yarrow, M. (1989). Correspondence between Mothers' Self-reported and Observed Child-rearing Practices. Child Development, 60(1), 56-63.
    Lawson, K. L. (2004). Development and psychometric properties of the perceptions of parenting inventory. The Journal of Psychology, 138(5), 433-455.
    Lin, C. C., & Fu, V. (1990). A comparison of childrrearing practices among Chi¬nese, immigrant Chinese, and Caucasian-American parents. Child Development, 61, 429-433.
    Locke, L. M., & Prinz, R. J. (2002). Measurement of parental discipline and nurturance. Clinical Psychology Review, 22(6), 895-929.
    Maccoby, E. E. (1980). In Maccoby, E. E Introduction and historical overview (Ed.), Social development: psychological growth and the parent-child relationship(3-32). New York : Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
    Maccoby, E. E. (1992). The Role of Parents in the Socialization of Children: An historical overview. Developmental Psychology, 28, 1006-1017.
    Maccoby, E. E., & Martin, J. A. (l983). Socialization in the context of the family: Parent-child interaction. Handbook of child psychology, 4, 1-101. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
    Maneessriwongul, M., & Dixon, J. K. (2004). Instrument translation process: A methods review. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 48(2), 175-186.
    Mayseless, O., Scharf, M., & Sholt, M. (2003). From authoritative parenting practices to an authoritarian context: Exploring the person-environment fit. Journal of Research on Adolescent, 13(4), 427-456.
    McNally, S., Eisenberg, N., & Harris, J. D. (1991). Consistency and change in maternal child-rearing practices and values: A longitudinal study. Child Development, 62, 190-198.
    Mead, D. E. (1976). Six approaches to child rearing: Models from psychological theory. Prove. Utah: Brigham Young University Press.
    O'Leary, S. G., Slep, A. M., & Reid, M. J. (1999). A longitudinal study of mothers' overactive discipline and toddlers' externalizing behavior. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 27(5), 331-41.
    Olsen, S. F., Martin, P.,& Halverson, C. F.(1999). Personality, Marital Relationships,and Parenting in Two Generations of Mothers. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 23(2), 57 - 476.
    Parker, G., Tupling, H., & Brown, L. B. (1979). A Parental Bonding Instrument. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 52, 1-10.
    Payne, M. A., & Furnham, A. (1992). Parental self reports of child rearing practice in the Caribbean. The Journal of Black Psychology, 18, 19-36.
    Perris, C., Jacobsson, L., Lindstrom, H., Von Knorring, L., & Perris, H. (1980). Development of a new inventory for assessing of parental rearing behavior. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 61, 265-274.
    Pettit, G. S., Bates, J. E., & Dodge, K. A. (1997). Supportive parenting, ecological context, and children's adjustment: A seven-year longitudinal study. Child Development, 68(5), 908-923.
    Pettit, G. S., Laird, R. D., Dodge, K. A., Bates, J. E., & Criss, M. M. (2001). Antecedents and behavior-problem outcomes of parental monitoring and psychological control in early adolescence. Child Development, 72(2), 583-598.
    Pumary, D. K. (1966). Maryland parent attitude survey: A research instrument with social desirability controlled. The Journal of Psychology, 64, 73-78.
    Querido, J. G., Warner, T. D., & Eyberg, S. M. (2002). Parenting styles and child behavior in African American families of preschool children. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 31(2), 272-277.
    Rickel, A. U., & Biasatti, L. L. (1982). Modification of the Block child rearing practices report. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 38, 129-134.
    Robinson, C. C., Mandleco, B., Olsen, S. F., & Hart , C. H. (1995). Authoritative, authoritarian and Permissive parenting practices: Development of new measure. Psychological Reports, 77, 819-830.
    Roe, A., & Siegelman, M. (1963). A parent-child relations questionnaire. Child Development, 34, 355-369.
    Schaefer, E. S. (1965). Children’s reports of parental behavior: An inventory. Child Development, 36, 413-424.

    Sears, R. R., Maccoby, E. E., & Levin, H. (1957). A study of child rearing. Patterns of child rearing. New York: Row, Peterson.
    Shelton, K. K., Frick, P. J., & Wootton, J. (1996). Assessment of parenting practices in families of elementary school-age children. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 25, 317-329.
    Steele, M., Steele, H.,& Johansson, M. (2002). Maternal predictors of children’s social cognition: An attachment perspective. Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry & Allied Disciplines, 43(7), 861-872.
    Steinberg, L., Lamborn, S.D., & Dornbusch, S. D. (1992). Im¬pact of parenting practices on adolescent achievement: Authoritative parenting, school involvement, and encouragement to succeed. Child Development, 63, 1266-1281.
    Stewart. S. M., & Bond, M. H. (2002). A critical look at parenting research from the mainstreams: Problem uncovered while adapting Western research to non-Western cultures. British Journal of Development Psychology, 20, 379-392.
    Weiss, L. H., & Schwarz, J. C. (1996). The relationship between parenting types and older adolescents' personality, academic achievement, adjustment, and substance use. Child Development, 67(5), 2101-2115.
    Weiss, L. H., Dodge, A. D., Bates, J. E., & Pettit, G. S. (1992). Some consequences of early harsh discipline: Child aggression and maladaptive social information processing style. Child Development, 63(6), 1321-1335.
    William, W. C. (1958). The PALS test: A technique for children to evaluate both parents. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 22, 487-495.
    Winter, M. G.., & Yaffe, M. (2000). First-year student’ adjustment to university life as a function of relationship with parents. Journal of Adolescent research , 15, 9-37.
    Wu, P., Robinson, C. C., Yang, C., Hart, C. H., Olsen , S. F., Porter, C. L., Jin, S., Wo, J., & Wu, X. (2002). Similarities and differences in mothers' parenting of preschoolers in China and the United States. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 26 (6), 481-491.
    Zevalkink, J., & Riksen-Walraven, J. M. (2001) Parenting in Indonesia: Inter- and intracultural differences in mothers' interactions with their young children. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 25(2), 167-175.

    下載圖示 校內:2007-09-01公開
    校外:2007-09-01公開
    QR CODE