熱拌瀝青混凝土（HMA）作為軌道床的道碴底層，運用在新建軌道工程及傳統道碴式道床修復，在國外已經有廿幾年的時間，本研究利用力學分析方法，以台鐵台南沙崙支線計畫工程為例，在現有的環境係數及設計參數狀況下，分析傳統碎石級配道碴式軌道床之力學行為，並比較假設鋪設HMA作為底碴層後之狀況，探討路基彈性模數、軸載重、HMA厚度、底碴層厚度與載重頻率對於軌道床應力、應變及預測服務年限之影響。
研究結果發現路基彈性模數增加，路基頂部的壓應力隨之增加，由於路基承載能力隨之大幅增加，服務年限得以延長；鋪設HMA層後的軌道床，傳遞至路基頂部的壓應力較道碴式軌道床小，並有較長的預測服務年限。HMA亦能鋪築在火車班次頻繁的軌道路段路基，避免容易產生破壞，如果控制加鋪的HMA層厚度在5cm至25cm，則適用的路基強度應在路基彈性模數63.0MPa (9,130psi)以上至158.7MPa (23,000psi)之間，意即現地路基土壤若為軟弱土壤，如軟性黏土等，則應考慮改良路基，以增加路基強度，如果現地路基土壤夠堅實，加鋪HMA的作用則在於防止水分滲入路基，均勻傳遞分佈應力至路基，以增加道床服務年限。另外，50cm的底碴層，約可用25cm的HMA層取代，此亦可用做設計之成本考量。

In overseas, the method applying Hot-Mix Asphalt Mixture concrete, HMA,to track structure in newly built railway track construction and/or repairing traditional track with ballast foundation has already over two decades. This research utilizes mechanics analysis and the case study of Tainan Salun Branch Railway Project. In the current existing environment coefficient and the designing variable parameter, compare the mechanics behavior of traditional granular subballast analysis and the assumption of laying HMA on track foundation as the sublayer, the study discusses subgrade elastic modulus, the axle load, HMA thickness, sublayer thickness, and the influence of carrying capacity frequency of the track bed stress, strains and predicted service life.

In result, the research discovers as the subgrade elastic modulus increases, the subgrade top compressed stress increases. Since subgrade bearing capacity increases, the service life gets to extend. After laying HMA on the track bed, the subgrade top compressed stress is smaller than ballast foundation and the predicted service life is much longer. HMA also can lay on the frequent train track subgrade to avoid damaged. If HMA thickness can be set to limit from 5 cm to 25cm, the applicable subgrade elastic modulus intensity should in between 63.0MPa (9,130psi) and 158.7MPa (23,000psi). As if the current subgrade is soft soil, like soft clay, the subgrade improvement needs to be considered which increases the subgrade strength. If subgrade soil is solid enough, the HMA can prevent moisture content permeating to subgrade, evenly distributes stress to subgrade and increases the track bed service life. In addition, 50cm sublayer can be replaced by 25cm HMA instead; this method can be evaluated as the designing cost saving.

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