如何確實掌握銑削加工後工件尺寸為切削加工中普遍且重要之課題，影響產品尺寸及其分佈的因素有：熱誤差、工具機空間誤差、刀具與工件受力偏移與刀具偏擺，一般而言，工具機空間誤差與刀具偏擺量值較小且不因切削條件而急劇變化。然而，在切削負載小之精切削條件下，切削力小且切削溫度變化較小，若要確實掌握工件尺寸，刀具偏擺與工具機空間誤差之影響則不可忽略。本文分析各幾何尺寸變化之瞬時銑削力、刀具偏擺與工具機空間誤差並探討各因子之變異，並結合誤差傳遞原理預測工件尺寸誤差與分佈情形。最後再藉由工件加工面上各點尺寸誤差分佈情形，進一步預測工件幾何公差：平行度、真圓度與曲面輪廓度。實驗結果發現，本文提出之工件尺寸預測模式，能快速且正確掌握球銑、端銑與精加工製程之工件尺寸誤差與幾何公差。

It is common and important problem to control and predict the dimension of the part after milling. The important factors influence the final part dimension and dimensional distribution can be divided into four categories: thermal error, machine tool spatial errors, deflection of tool and workpiece and tool runout. Generally speaking, the value of machine tool spatial error and tool runout are small and changes a little when cutting speed is selected as a constant. However, in the light and precision cutting conditions, cutting force and the difference of the cutting temperature are much less than those in the heavy cutting conditions, the influences of the tool runout and the machine spatial errors are needed to be concerned in analyzing the final part dimension. This paper focuses on analyzing the value and the variance of the dynamic milling force of cutting region, tool runout and machine spatial error on cutting path to find out the final part dimension and dimensional distribution. Furthermore, parallelism, roundness and profile of geometric tolerance, are discussed by combining the dimension and the dimensional distribution on the cutting surface. The experiment results shows the final milling part dimension and geometric tolerance can be estimated precisely through measuring the cutting force, tool runout, stiffness of tool and workpiece and machine spatial error in end, ball-end and finishing machining process.

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