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研究生：	卓至原 Juo, Jz-Yuan
論文名稱：	共振四波混頻下的光學波長轉換器 Optical wavelength converter in resonant four-wave mixing processes
指導教授：	陳泳帆 Chen, Yong-Fan
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	理學院 - 物理學系 Department of Physics
論文出版年：	2017
畢業學年度：	105
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	135
中文關鍵詞：	電磁波引發透明、四波混頻、相位不匹配效應
外文關鍵詞：	electromagnetically induced transparency, four-wave mixing, phase-mismatch effect
相關次數：	點閱：78 下載：17
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實驗上，我們利用基於電磁波引發透明機制的四波混頻系統，在光學密度約為 19 的共振條件下，使用兩道空間光強調變的耦合光，將一道同調光的波長從 780 奈米轉換至 795 奈米，並達到 43% 的轉換效率。除此之外，本論文也在理論上探討三種可用來製作波長轉換器的不同方式：失諧四波混頻、反向四波混頻和空間光強調變的四波混頻，並比較各別的優缺點，與相位不匹配效應在三個不同機制下裡扮演的角色。

We first demonstrate an experimental observation of electromagnetically induced transparency based four-wave mixing (FWM) in a newly proposed scheme, where the intensity of two control fields are spatially-modulated. By using such scheme at the optical depth of 19 in cold rubidium atoms, the probe-to-signal conversion efficiency is about 43% and the wavelength is also converted from 780 nm to 795 nm. In addition, the comparison between three kinds of feasible schemes to achieve the wavelength converter are provided theoretically: detuned FWM, backward FWM and spatially-modulated FWM. Studies of how phase-mismatch effect plays in three different schemes are also presented.

摘要 i 
Abstract ii  
誌謝 iii 
Acknowledgements iv 
Table of Contents v 
List of Tables vii 
List of Figures viii

Chapter 1. Introduction 1
1.1. Review .................................... 1 
1.2. Motivation................................... 2

Chapter 2. Theoretical model 3
2.1. Thesemi-classical approach ......................... 3 
2.1.1. TheinteractionHamiltonian ..................... 4 
2.1.2. Rotatingwaveapproximation..................... 5 
2.1.3. Optical-Blochequation........................ 6 
2.1.4. Maxwell-Schrödingerequation.................... 7
2.2. Two-level system ............................... 10 
2.2.1. Mathematical description....................... 10 
2.2.2. Saturation absorption spectroscopy.................. 13 
2.2.3. Laser frequency stabilization..................... 17
2.3. Electromagnetically induced transparency . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . 18 
2.3.1. General description.......................... 18 
2.3.2. slowlight and lightstorage....................... 24
2.4. Four-wave mixing processes ......................... 26 
2.4.1. General description.......................... 26 
2.4.2. Phase-mismatch effect ........................ 32 
2.4.3. Detunedfour-wave mixing ...................... 39 
2.4.4. Spatially-modulated four-wave mixing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
2.4.5. Backward four-wave mixing ..................... 57

Chapter 3. Experimental system and setup 62
3.1. Magneto-optical trap ............................. 62 
3.2. Electromagnetically induced transparency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 
3.3. Phase-mismatch four-wave mixing...................... 71 
3.4. Spatially-modulated four-wave mixing process . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Chapter 4. Experimental result and discussion 78
4.1. Electromagnetically induced transparency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 
4.2. Phase-mismatch four-wave mixing...................... 81 
4.3. Spatially-modulated four-wave mixing process . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Chapter 5. Conclusion and outlook 91

References  92
Appendix A. Characterization of Gaussian beams 96
A.1. General description.............................. 96
A.2. Rotating knife-edge method ......................... 101
A.3. Measurement of a Gaussian beam ...................... 102
A.3.1. Waist size............................... 102 
A.3.2. Beam divergence........................... 103 
A.3.3. Jitterandwanderoftheopticalpath................. 104

Appendix B. Modulation of the spatial intensity of laser fields 105
B.1. General description.............................. 106
B.2. Simulation method .............................. 110 
B.3. Simulation results............................... 112 
B.3.1. Modulation requirement for control fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
B.3.2. Intensity-mismatch in three-dimension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
              
Appendix C. Photon-switching effect 117
C.1. 780nmto795nm .............................. 117
C.1.1. DetunedFWM ............................ 121 
C.1.2. Spatially-modulatedFWM...................... 122 
C.1.3. BackwardFWM ........................... 123 
C.2. 780nmto780nm .............................. 125 
C.2.1. DetunedFWM ............................ 127 
C.2.2. Spatially-modulatedFWM...................... 128 
C.2.3. BackwardFWM ........................... 129

Appendix D. Derivation of analytical solutions 131
D.1. State transition matrix ............................ 131 
D.2. Solutions of the backward phase-dependent double-Λ system . . . . . . . 134 
D.3. Solutions of the spatially-modulated four-wave mixing system . . . . . . . 135
                      
                                    

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校內：2018-09-01公開
校外：2018-09-01公開

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