本論文設計研製60-GHz低功耗混頻器與94-GHz混頻器優先射頻收發機前端，混頻器皆採用TSMC CMOS 90-nm製程，天線則採用AFSC GIPD製程，透過覆晶技術(flip-chip)由金凸塊(gold bump)與CMOS混頻器異質整合。60-GHz CMOS低LO功率、低功耗降頻混頻器，採用弱反轉區偏壓技術達到低功率消耗及低LO功率，架構移除傳統輸出負載級，利用混頻器核心電晶體直接與轉阻放大器的回授電阻路徑連接，可避免訊號洩漏，造成額外的增益衰減，並能直接提供混頻器核心電晶體所需操作電流。94-GHz整合GIPD天線之CMOS可升降頻混頻器毫米波射頻前端，使用混頻器優先(mixer-first)架構將天線與混頻器直接整合，省去接收路徑低雜訊放大器(LNA)與發射路徑功率放大器(PA)的使用(如應用於極短距離之無線通訊或晶片與晶片間之互聯通訊)，可降低系統功率消耗與設計複雜度。混頻器選擇單端被動式架構達到零功率消耗與可升降頻的功能，並採用次諧波混頻原理以減輕未來與壓控振盪器(VCO)整合的設計負擔，天線採用具寬頻特性的對數週期偶極子陣列。電路設計均使用Agilent ADS與全波電磁模擬軟體進行模擬，量測則採以on-wafer方式進行量測，並根據不同的特性參數，調整量測方法與設置。

This thesis presents the research on 60- and 94-GHz CMOS millimeter-wave (MMW) low-power down-conversion mixer and mixer-first RF transceiver frontend. The designed mixers and antenna are implemented by standard TSMC 90-nm GUTM CMOS process and AFSC general integrated passive device (GIPD) process, respectivity. In the 60-GHz low-LO-power and low-power double-balanced down conversion mixer design, without the traditional load stage, the mixer core is merged directly with self-biased trans-impedance amplifier (TIA) to enhance the conversion gain (CG). By using weak-inversion bias technique in a source-driven topology, the mixer core only needs quiescent current of uA which can be provided from TIA via the feedback resistor. In the 94-GHz integration design of a GIPD log-periodic dipole array (LPDA) antenna (with a balun band-pass filter) and a CMOS up/down single-ended sub-harmonic resistive mixer. The flip-chip technology is used to integrate the GIPD antenna with the CMOS mixer. The LPDA antenna can achieve a wide bandwidth and the balun band-pass filter (BPF) combines the function of the balun and the BPF is to transform the differential signal from the antenna to the single-ended input of the mixer. The sub-harmonic mixer allows the local oscillator (LO) at a half of RF frequency with better phase noise and higher output power than a fundamental mixer (especially at MMW frequency). All the measurements are conducted by fully on-wafer probing. According to different characteristics of the parameters, the measurement methods and setting are adjusted. Simulation and measurement results are compared and discussed.

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