隨著化石燃料的逐漸耗盡，尋找替代能源已成為未來重要課題之一，且燃燒化石燃料排放大量的二氧化碳、一氧化碳、氮氧化合物及硫化物等污染物因而導致全球氣候變遷，因此，環境保護與永續發展以漸成為目前環保技術研究開發的指導方針。生物產氫技術具有資源再利用與乾淨能源生產等優點，符合永續發展之需求，並且可同時改善環境保護及能源短缺等問題。
本研究主要在於高溫(55 ℃)厭氧產氫反應之探討，利用薄膜反應槽進行高溫厭氧產氫反應，基質為蔗糖與peptone混合的複合性基質，結果發現，薄膜反應槽確實能達到污泥截留之功能，有效提昇反應槽中污泥濃度，並且使出流水的固體物含量小於10 mg/L。在水力停留時間為6小時，污泥停留時間為2天的操作條件下，最佳的產氫速率為110.1 mmol H2/g VSS/day，平均產氫量為673 mmol H2/L/day，氫氣濃度為57%，基質產氫率為8.4 mmol H2/g COD。主要產物除了氫氣及二氧化碳外，液相的副產物為乙酸、丁酸及乙醇，其中以丁酸濃度最高。當食微比小於7.7 g COD/g VSS/day時，產氫速率會下降。利用電子顯微鏡觀察高溫厭氧產氫菌的型態，主要為桿菌及帶有內生孢子的厭氧菌為主。而由DGGE指紋圖可發現，高溫厭氧產氫菌相較於中溫產氫菌，具有較高的GC含量。
在高溫厭氧產氫反應中，有機物經由微生物轉化成氫氣、二氧化碳、有機酸及醇類，雖只有10 %的COD會轉化成氫氣而離開系統中，但能有效地將有機物轉化成有機酸及醇類，出流水以利於光合產氫菌之利用。環境影響因子方面，溫度的下降會降低產氫菌的產氫活性，產氫菌的activation enthalpy為60.6 kJ/mol。至於pH值的下降會延長微生物適應環境的時間，影響微生物初期的生長。對於高溫厭氧產氫菌，分子態的乙酸抑制濃度為0.036 – 0.085 M，而鉀離子與鈉離子相比較，鉀離子對於產氫菌之產氫行為有較大的負面影響。於高溫厭氧產氫實驗中，添加0.1 M KH2PO4可減少pH值的下降，提昇產氫速率但會降低氫氣的生成。

Due to the consumption of fossil fuel and production of green house gases (i.e., methane and carbon dioxide), developing clean and new energy will be one of the important researches in the further. Hydrogen, high energy yield (122 KJ/g, about 2.75 times greater than that of hydrocarbon fuels), is considered a promising candidate as an ideal and clean source of energy. Biohydrogen production process not only can solve environmental pollution, but also achieve resource recycling. Hence, hydrogen production via bioprocesses may have a great potential to provide a cheap, clean and sustainable energy in the further and deserves to have further investigations.
This study aimed at thermophilic (55 ℃) anaerobic hydrogen production reaction that digested the multiple substrates (sucrose and peptone). To achieve this purpose, biomembrane reactor, which could control biomass concentration in the reactor, was performed. Under hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 6 hrs and sludge retention time (SRT) of 2 days condition, maximum specific hydrogen production rate, amount of hydrogen production and hydrogen yield were 110.1 mmol H2/g VSS/day, 673 mmol H2/L/day and 16.8 mmol H2/g COD, respectively. As F/M value was low 4 g COD/g VSS/day，specific hydrogen production rate would decrease. The morphology of thermophilic anaerobic hydrogen producing bacteria was rod and endspore-formation. From DGGE fingerprint, the GC content of thermophilic anaerobic hydrogen producing bacteria was higher than mesophilic anaerobic hydrogen producing bacteria.
In thermophilic (55 ℃) anaerobic hydrogen production process, only 10 % COD converted to hydrogen and most carbohydrate converted to acids and ethanol.Factors infuenced the hydrogen production, the lower temperature and lower pH value would make the activity of hydrogen producing bacteria decrease. In the BHP test, the results revealed that the activation enthalpy of hydrogen producing bacteria was 60.6 kJ/mol and inhibition concentration of molecular acetate was 0.036 – 0.085 M. Comparing the addition of sodium and potassium ion for thermophilic hydrogen producing bacteria, the hydrogen producing bacteria were more sensitivity with potassium ion.

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