黃皮(C. lansium Skeels)為芸香科 (Rutaceae) 黃皮屬 (Clausena) 植物。由根部共分離得到分離得到55個化合物，其中8個：1′-O-methylclaulamine B (351)、1′-acetylclaulamine B (352)、clausenalines B–F (353–358) 為carbazole類的新化合物；四個：clausemarins A–D (359–362) 為coumarin類的新化合物。
由黃皮莖部分離得到55個化合物，其中2個：clausenoside A (379)與clausenoside B (380)為單苯環接醣的新化合物；3個：clausenaline A (76)、claulamine A (81)與claulamine B (98)為carbazole類的新化合物。
由黃皮葉部分離得到55個化合物，其中13個：6′-O-methylneoclausenamide (387)、6′-O-methyl-epi-neoclausenamide (388)、6′-O-methyl-epi-cis-neoclausenamide (389)、lansamides-5–9 (390–394)、clausenalansamides C–G (395–399) 為amide類的新化合物。
本研究之黃皮的根、莖、葉、之甲醇萃取物皆由越南提供。根部與莖部的主要成分為carbazole alkaloids與coumarins，而葉部之主要成分為cyclic amides。
先前的文獻報導由葉部分離得到的cyclic amides皆為外消旋化合物，然而本研究分離得到之成分具有明顯的光學活性，推測可能由於產地的不同，使得成分上有所差異。
黃皮所含之成分在抗發炎活性中，發現carbazole類的化合物，3位上如果有carbonyl group，例如，化合物6、11、12、13、43、60與342則具有明顯的抗發炎活性。Coumarin類的化合物，在2″,3″有雙鍵的話，像是化合物137、140、201、334、335和359，同樣具有明顯的抗發炎效果。細胞毒殺活性測試中，發現mafaicheenamine A (96) 對vincristine抗藥性鼻咽癌細胞(KBVIN)具有適當的抑制活性。腦神經保護活性中，發現化合物388及417具有良好的腦神經保護活性，值分別為53.7 % and 58.5%。
關於化合物76、81、96和98的生合成路徑，推測是由化合物87得到。為了要確定化合物76之結構，我們將由化合物87經由半合成研究，確認化合物76之骨架。

Clausena lansium Skeels (Rutaceae), also known as “wampee”, originates from southern mainland China. Several parts of C. lansium have been used in folk medicine in the People’s Republic of China, Taiwan, and Philippines. Eight new carbazole alkaloids, 1′-O-methylclaulamine B, 1′-acetylclaulamine B, and claulamine E and clausenalines B–F, four new coumarins, clausemarins A–D, and 43 known compounds were isolated from the roots of Clausena lansium.
Two new glycosides, clausenosides A and B, and three new carbazole alkaloids, clausenaline A, claulamines A, and B, together with 50 known compounds were isolated from the stems of Clausena lansium.
Thirteen new amides, 6′-O-methylneoclausenamide, 6′-O-methyl-epi-neoclausenamide, 6′-O-methyl-epi-cis-neoclausenamide, lansamides 5–9, clausenalansamide C–G, were characterized from the leaves of Clausena lansium.
In this work, the methanolic extracts of root, stem, and leaf from C. lansium were collected in Vietnam. Carbazole alkaloids and coumarins were identified as the major components in the root and stem. The composition of the methanolic extract obtained from the leaves was quite different. The major component was cyclic amides; the other major components were acyclic amides.
Previously, δ-lactam and γ-lactam isolated from the leaves were all racemates. In this work, we found the amides that including δ-lactam, γ-lactam, and acyclic amides were all optical active. Since this plant was provided by Vietnam different origin than mainland China may cause differences in composition.
The results found that the compounds of carbazole type, if there is a carbonyl group at C-3 position, for example, the compounds of 6, 11, 12, 13, 43, 60 and 342 have significant anti-inflammatory activity. Furthermore, coumarin compounds which have double bond at the 2', 3' position, such as compounds 137, 140, 201, 334, 335 and 359, also have significant anti-inflammatory effect. The compound 96 had moderate inhibition against KBVIN cell line compared to compound 81 and 98. Compounds 388 and 417 exhibited statistically significant neuroprotective effects against Aβ25−35-induced neonatal cortical neurons death compared with the Aβ25−35-treated group.
A plausible biosynthetic pathway for the production of 76, 81, 96, and 98 from 87 was proposed. To confirm the structure of clausenaline A (76), a partial synthesis from co-isolated 87 was performed.

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