本研究主要是模擬帶電粒子在微流道中的電泳檢測。在單一直微流道中有三種驅動流被研究：(1)電滲流 (2)壓力驅動流 (3)混合電滲與壓力驅動流。正帶電粒子與負帶電粒子在微流體遷移的機構有三：對流、擴散、電泳動。不同帶電粒子可以被分離的原因是電泳動。蒙地卡羅法被用來處理帶電粒子的布朗運動。帶電粒子的分離過程可以被偵測並紀錄成電泳圖，且此過程可透過數值計來模擬。
帶電粒子在電滲流中泳動的模擬結果指出帶電粒子的擴散及電滲流的德拜厚度會隨時間衰減偵測訊號的最大振幅。擴散會導致半幅寬的增加及減少振幅對半幅寬的比值。在與帶有擴散的滑動模式比較，有限的德拜厚度在帶有擴散的無滑動模式下會增加訊號尖峰間距離。對粒子圖案來說，分子擴散會造成粒子圖案呈擴散分布，而且有限的德拜厚度會在流道的兩端造成弓狀拖曳現象，這也是非滑動模式下電泳圖訊號尖端間距離增加的主要原因。
帶電粒子在壓力驅動流中泳動的模擬結果指出帶電粒子的擴散及壓力梯度驅動所造成的速度分布曲線會隨時間衰減偵測訊號的振幅及造成不同的例子圖案分布。偵測面積的大小及位置也會影響偵測訊號的強度。
帶電粒子在混合電滲及壓力驅動流中泳動的模擬結果指出在帶電粒子處於混合流的情況下訊號電泳圖中的尖峰振幅會隨時間衰減。當(1)壓力驅動速度對電滲驅動速度的比值減少的情形下，(2)在與壓力同向流且是布朗粒子(帶有擴散)及德拜參數增加的情形下，(3) 在與壓力反向流且是布朗粒子及德拜參數增加的情形下，(4)偵測面積在x方向減少的情形下，(5) 是非布朗粒子且對稱於流道中心線的偵測面積在y方向減少的情形下，在以上情形下尖峰振幅會增加。將壓力梯度反向會使例子圖案也跟著反向。在粒子圖案中，有限的德拜厚度所造成的拖曳現象明顯出現在非布朗粒子的情形下。水力擴散及分子擴散會造成變形的例子圖案及擴散分布。在相同的最初粒子分布及最大擴散速度的情形下，單一直微流道且混合電滲及壓力驅動流下的粒子圖案與粒子的帶電性無關。
帶電粒子在十字微流道中作晶片毛細管電泳的模擬結果顯示模擬的粒子圖案與文獻中實驗拍到的影像吻合。這驗證了在小粒子電動傳輸機構中布朗運動所造成的擴散需要被考慮，同時研究結果顯示考慮擴散會提高了晶片毛細管電泳模擬的準確性。

In this study, the detection simulations of dissimilar charged particles for microchip capillary electrophoresis are performed. Three kinds of driven flows in straight single microchannels are studied: (1) electroosmotic flow, (2) pressure driven flow, (3) mixed electroosmotic and pressure driven flow. The positively charged particles and the negatively charged particles migrate in the microfluids due to three transport mechanisms: fluidic convection, molecular diffusion, and electrophoretic migration. The unlike charged particles can be separated due to electrophorestic migration. The Monte Carlo method is used to deal with the Brownian motion of charged particle. The separation for charged particles can be detected and recorded as an electropherogram, which can be simulated via numerical calculations.
The simulation results for charged particle migrations in electroosmotic flow indicate that the diffusion of charged particles and the finite Debye length in electroosmotic flow decrease the maximum amplitudes of the detected signals with time. The diffusion leads to an increase of the full width at half maximum (FWHM) and a decay of the peak amplitude/FWHM ratio. The finite Debye length in the model (non-slip model) with diffusion increases the distance between peaks in the electropherograms compared to that in the slip model with diffusion. For particle patterns, the diffusion causes a diffuse distribution and the finite Debye length causes bow-shape tailing at both ends, which are the main reasons for the increased distance between peaks in the electropherograms in the non-slip model.
The simulation results for charged particle migrations in pressure driven flow indicate that the effects of diffusion and the velocity profile caused by pressure gradient reduce the amplitude of detection signals with time and form the different distribution of particle patterns. The magnitude of detection area also effects the strength of detection signals.
The simulation results for charged particle migrations in mixed electroosmotic and pressure driven flow indicate that the peak amplitudes for charge particles in the mixed flow decay with time in the electropherograms. The peak amplitude increases when (1) the ratio of pressure driven velocity to electroosmotic velocity decreases, (2) the Debye Hückel parameter in pressure assisted flow for Brownian particles (with diffusion) increases, (3) the Debye Hückel parameter in pressure opposed flow for Brownian particles decreases, (4) the detection area decreases in the x direction, and (5) the detection area decreases in the y direction and is symmetric to the center line of the microchannel for non-Brownian particles. The opposite direction of pressure gradient makes the direction of particle pattern reverse. The tailing due to the finite Debye length appears in the particle pattern for non-Brownian particles. The hydrodynamic dispersion and molecular diffusion make the particle pattern distorted and diffusively distributed. The particle patterns are independent of the charging of particles when the initial sample distribution and the maximum diffusion velocities of the particles are the same in the single straight microchanenl for the mixed electroosmotic and pressure driven flow.
The simulation results of charged particle migrations for microchip capillary electrophoresis in the cross-form microchannel show the particle pattern of charged particles, which is verified against the experimental image in the literature and a good agreement is shown. The verification confirms the consideration of diffusion caused by Brownian motion is necessary for small particles in electrokinetic transport mechanisms, which successfully improve the simulation result of neglecting diffusion for microchip capillary electrophoresis in the literature.

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