本研究主要是以傳統水熱法製備高純度鋅黃錫礦銅鋅錫硫(Kesterite, Cu2ZnSnS4，KS CZTS)奈米粉體，藉由提昇反應物硫脲(thiourea, Tu)的濃度以減少二次相產生，如硫化銅(Cu2-xS)、硫化鋅(ZnS)、硫化亞錫(SnS)、硫化錫(SnS2)及硫化錫銅(Cu2SnS3) 以及添加螯合劑二乙基三胺(diethylenetriamine, DETA)的影響，藉其立體結構及螯合金屬的特性，促使改變反應機制，能更容易合成單一相高結晶的四元合金KS CZTS奈米粉體。
第二階段將CZTS粉體應用在光催化上，以微波輔助水熱法混合不同百分比的硝酸銀(silvernitride, AgNO3)，使銀顆粒成長在CZTS粉體表面，以提高電子的傳導能力，其次再用傳統水熱法合成較高比表面積1T-2H相的二硫化鉬(molybdenum disulfide，MoS2)粉體，最終形成一複合物Ag-CZTS-MoS2，在能隙結構上有適當的匹配，使其能有效的提供電子電洞對的分離且避免再復合以提升光降解的能力。
第三階段是運用CZTS的高寬廣光譜吸收的能力，混合於導電高分子poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrene-sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)當作p-i-n結構平板式鈣鈦礦太陽能電池的電洞傳輸層，不僅提供載子的躍遷及抑制再復合的行為外，亦可以增加高吸光能力，以及在調配三鹵化甲胺鉛(CH3NH3PbI3，MAPbI3)的前驅物上，選用非極性溶劑，用自然沈積法在常溫的大氣環境下進行合成，快速成長出奈米的立方晶體並形成緻密堆積的薄膜，接著利用甲胺氣體輔助經由晶界反應增加薄膜的再結晶性，我們應證了此製程的設計能有效克服鈣鈦礦先天易潮解的現象，能延長鈣鈦礦太陽能電池的壽命。

In this research we study the mechanism when using a conventional hydrothermal method for the synthesis of Cu2ZnSnS4 NPs well indexed to the high purity single kesterite phase for use in CZTS solar cells. An increased Tu concentration reduces the binary and ternary phases, while DETA serves not only to carry out chelating to form the precursors of [ZnSnS4(DETA)]2- and Cu2(DETA)2+, but also changes the particle shape from irregular sheets to uniform spheres.
In the second part, we discuss the use of a conventional hydrothermal method for the synthesis of Cu2ZnSnS4 powders well indexed into a high-purity KS phase. Furthermore, hybridized Ag/CZTS was successfully synthesized through a microwave-assisted hydrothermal process using water as the solvent for such processes as ultrasound and microwave irradiation to facilitate chemical reactions. It was found that the photocatalytic performance of the CZTS powders was greatly improved by the addition 1 and 2 wt% of Ag NPs deposited on the surface of the CZTS acting as the electron traps of the matrix. This prevented the recombination of electron-hole pairs and improved the charge transfer processes by hybridizing the 1T-2H MoS2 in the structure, thus increasing the light harvesting in photocatalysis due to the broad light absorption range.
In the third part, we fabricated MA+ and PbI3- precursors with polar-free solvents. The obtained sample show that MA vapor-assisted method increase the crystallinity and more regular morphology. Furthermore, it was found that adding 1 wt% CZTS serves not only increased the light harvesting broad light absorption region from visible to near-infrared, but also prevented the recombination of electron-hole pairs and improved the charge transfer processes. Furthermore, the enhancement photovoltaic performance of the device was improved by the addition 1 wt% CZTS NPs hybrid PEDOT:PSS with MA vapor-assisted exhibited the highest PCE. The results indicate that the solution-precipitation technique in this work could be a promising method to achieve large-area deposition of a perovskite active layer for mass production.

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