本篇論文主要探討華裔作家湯亭亭《金山勇士》裡中國移民在美國社會的漂泊與重置。漂泊是指這群移民在美國社會無法落地生根的處境，而重置是指湯婷婷如何透過寫作為他們重新建立文化認同感。
　　迫於家鄉經濟貧困及社會動盪，這群中國男性移民至需要其勞力工作的美國以尋求更好的生活環境，這樣的原因使他們的遷移成為一趟回不了家的單向旅程。因此，他們必須重新在美國社會落地生根。但因種族歧視和白人優越感使得中國勞工受到美國社會的不平等對待，造成這些中國移民既不能賺取足夠的金錢讓他們的家人移民至美國，也無法讓自己在美國落地生根，被排除在這個社會之外。
　　本篇論文除了探討中國移民在美國漂泊的外在原因，也從移民者的內心角度來分析無根的問題。由於他們既是中國人也是美國人，擁有雙重意識，所以承受著內心分裂之苦，這樣的情況影響他們在美國的生活。探究作者在書中陳述的例子，有兩類移民者無法讓自己在美國落地生根，一種是渴望回到過去時光者，一種為刻意擺脫過去而積極適應美國生活的人。此兩類人無法在雙重身分中找到平衡點，再加上白人社會的排華，致使他們在美國成為漂泊無根之人。
　　在了解這群中國移民的困境後，本論文探討湯亭亭如何透過寫作來解決中國移民的無根問題。藉由將移民者的勞力與美國土地作一連結，以及將中國傳奇故事移植至美國背景下，作者以此宣示美國是他們的土地。此外，作者也在書中創造出一個中國文化與美國文化互相交織而成的新華裔文化，藉此為中國祖先及其後代子孫建立文化認同感。透過作者的寫作技巧，中國移民的雙重意識得以獲得調和，而且也賦予美國華裔文化新的意義。

　　This thesis focuses on Chinese immigrants’ rootlessness and relocation in American society as described in Maxine Hong Kingston’s China Men. Rootlessness here means that these Chinese immigrants can’t root themselves in America, and relocation means how Kingston reinvents a new cultural identity for them through writing.
　　Pushed by poverty and social turmoil in their homeland, these China men migrate to Hawaii or America, where their labor is needed, in search of a better living. Since their migration is a one-way trip, they must locate themselves in this society. However, due to the white men’s racism and faith in their own superiority, they squeeze the China men’s labor with lower salaries and keep them as outsiders. These Chinese immigrants can neither earn enough money to bring their families to America nor root themselves in American society.
　　Aside from analyzing the external factors which prevent these China men from relocating, this thesis also explores the reasons why they can’t root themselves from a psychological point of view. Owing to their double consciousness of being either Chinese or American, they suffer from the mental condition of split selves, which disturbs their new life. From the example of the China men that Kingston depicts, two kinds of immigrants who have difficulties in relocating in America are categorized for discussion: they are the man who longs for the past intensely and the one who discards the past deliberately and tries hard to adapt to their American lives. These Chinese immigrants can’t find a balance between their dual contexts and encounter difficulty in adaptating to white society due to their Chinese race, so they are unable to relocate themselves in America.
　　Having examined these China men’s rootless situation in American society, this thesis finally discusses how Kingston as a descendent of these Chinese immigrants solves their dilemma of being either Chinese or Americans in her writing. By connecting these China men to the soil with their labor and transplanting Chinese legends into an American context, Kingston claims America for them. Moreover, she creates a new space where Chinese and American cultures interweave in a new cultural hybridity, thus establishing an identity as Chinese Americans for her ancestors and future generations. Through her writing, these China men’s dilemma of double contexts is reconciled and the new meaning of Chinese Americans in America is invented.

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