面對全球化競爭的壓力下，強化供應鏈管理(Supply Chain Management, SCM)的能力已經成為企業提昇本身競爭優勢的一種趨勢。傳統的供應鏈管理強調局部最佳化，供應鏈中的企業或成員僅追求其個別的最大化利益的單一目標；然而現今供應鏈管理的興起，企業的成功不單單只在於企業自己本身，而是要考量供應鏈中每個相關環節的獲利情形，並且期望提高顧客的滿意度，藉由整體供應鏈(supply chain)全面性的考量以創造總體價值最大化之目標。
為了提高顧客滿意度，企業則必須要提高彈性以因應顧客需求的變化，然而彈性越高，相對也會使得總成本的增加而降低利潤。因此，本研究建構一個考量利潤與供應鏈彈性(supply chain flexibility)之多目標供應鏈模式，並根據決策者心中欲達成目標之先後順序，分為下列三種情境：(1)利潤目標優先達成、(2)彈性目標優先達成、(3)利潤目標與彈性目標同時達成。本研究將以優先目標規劃法來解決第一與第二種之情境，並使用權重式目標規劃來求解第三種利潤與彈性目標並重的情形，最後利用Generalized Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS)軟體，以求得可行解，得知利潤與彈性目標同時達成的情況下對本研究的個案公司為一較佳的可行解，並且透過進行實際資料驗證模式，並對模式中的各項參數，進行敏感度分析，以找出各參數對於模式的影響性，最後再提出可行的研究方向供後續研究者作為參考。

關鍵字：供應鏈管理、供應鏈彈性、目標規劃法

Due to the keen competition globally, enhancing supply chain capabilities become the trend in which an enterprise gains competitive advantage. Traditional supply chain emphasizes on local optimization, i.e. the sole objective of each enterprise is to pursue profit optimization. Whereas modern supply chain management places its focus on increasing the profit of each part of the supply chain and raising customer satisfaction to reach the goal of total optimization.
In order to enhance customer satisfaction, enterprises need to increase flexibility to response to the changes of customer demands. However, the higher the flexibility, the higher total cost will be. And profitability will decrease. Therefore, this research implement a multi- objective supply chain model in consideration of profit and supply chain flexibility. Three conditions are mentioned based on priority in which decision makers wish to accomplish objectives. They are: (1) Profit objective first (2) Flexibility objective first and (3) Profit and flexibility objectives simultaneously. Preemptive goal programming is utilized to handle the first and second situation, and weight method to handle the third situation. Generalized Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS) software is utilized to obtain feasible solution under the consequence in which profit and feasibility objective are met simultaneously. Finally, example data are utilized to carry out sensitivity analysis to find out how each variable influence the model and to provide possible research directions for future researchers.

Keywords：Supply chain, Supply chain flexibility, Goal programming

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經濟部工業局 http://www.moeaidb.gov.tw/
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許志義，多目標決策，五南圖書出版公司，台北市，民國八十三年。
王小璠，多準決策分析，滄海書局，台中市，民國九十四年。
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