隨著交通技術愈發進步，各式運具所產生的溫室氣體排放量成長逐年增長。2021年臺灣運輸部門所排放之溫室氣體量達到3674萬公噸，是六大部門中排名第二，顯示運輸部門減碳行動刻不容緩。除溫室氣體，燃油運具所產生之懸浮微粒、硫氧化物、氮氧化物等空氣汙染物對人體健康之影響亦不容小覷。為了降低使用燃油運具所產生的溫室氣體排放及空氣汙染物，達到減少碳排、提升民眾健康效益，自行車與電動輔助自行車是替代燃油運具中燃油機車通勤之利器。本研究選定公共自行車YouBike 2.0與YouBike 2.0E電動輔助自行車作為研究標的，建立自行車與電動輔助自行車替代燃油機車減少碳排模型，利用相對風險概念建立騎乘自行車身體活動健康效益，與攝入空氣污染物之風險評估模型。最後再將騎乘自行車通勤減少碳排放之環境效益，與騎乘自行車通勤促進健康之效益進行貨幣化處理。
研究結果顯示: 騎乘自行車替代燃油機車通勤，因身體活動而減少的死亡風險介於12.371%~13.575%；因攝入空氣汙染物相較騎乘燃油機車增加了3.90%~7.22%之死亡風險，健康效益與風險損益兩平時長介於34~45小時/年(每日7.84~10.38分鐘)，每人每年貨幣化後之健康效益介於NT$7,002.98~NT$10,446.08之間，因縣市而異；環境效益部分每人每年減少排放1.64753公噸二氧化碳當量之溫室氣體，貨幣化環境效益約為NT$2,486.30。騎乘電動輔助自行車通勤，因身體活動而減少的死亡風險介於14.701%~15.58%；因攝入空氣汙染物相較騎乘燃油機車增加了6.02%~6.90%之死亡風險，健康效益與風險損益兩平時長介於61~75小時/年(每日14.07~17.3分鐘)，每人每年貨幣化後之健康效益介於NT$8591.05~NT$10,544.08；環境效益部分每人每年減少排放1.6127公噸二氧化碳當量之溫室氣體，貨幣化環境效益約為NT$2,419.06。
藉由量化騎乘自行車取代燃油機車通勤所產生的環境與健康效益，期望能為個人、政府機關提供選擇運具、制定政策之參考。
關鍵字:溫室氣體、空氣汙染、YouBike、相對風險、貨幣化

This study analyzes the health and environmental benefits of using bicycles and e-bikes to replace motorcycles for commuting. By establishing a model for carbon emission reduction by replacing motorcycles, and by using the relative risk concept to establish a model for health benefits of bicycle physical activity and risk assessment of air pollutant intake. Finally, monetized the environmental benefits of bicycle commuting in terms of carbon emission reduction and the health promotion benefits of bicycle commuting.
The research shows that: replace motorcycles with bicycles for commuting results in a reduction in mortality risk due to physical activity, ranging from 12.371% to 13.575%, For commuting with e-bikes, ranges from 14.701% to 15.58%. However, there is an increased mortality risk of 3.90% to 7.22% for bicycles and 6.02% to 6.90% for e-bikes due to exposure to air pollution compared to riding motorcycles. The breakeven duration for the health benefits of cycling ranges from 34 to 75 hours per year, equivalent to approximately 7.84 to 17.3 minutes per day. The monetized health benefits per person per year range from NT$7,002.98 to NT$10,446.08 for bicycles and NT$8,591.05 to NT$10,544.08 for e-bikes varying across different cities. In terms of environmental benefits, there is a reduction of 1.64753 metric tons CO2e for bicycles and 1.6127 metric tons CO2e GHG emissions for e-bikes per person per year, with a monetized environmental benefit of approximately NT$2,486.30 for bicycles and NT$2,419.06 for e-bikes.

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