近年來，因駕駛人生心理疾病而導致事故之案件有逐漸浮現之趨勢，因此合適的駕駛適性條件因素因而其漸受到重視。本研究於預防行車事故面探討影響駕駛適性高風險醫療情形；而於結果面建構出駕駛人責任之相關司法模式，並於兩者之間，取得駕駛人適性之控管模式。在國內研究疾病與行車事故關聯性及相關行車事故司法案例之比例少，因此在相關研究有限的情形下利用探索性之研究-質性方法。本研究分別對於醫學與法界人士進行訪談，並使用質化分析-紮根理論，以開放編碼、主軸編碼與選擇編碼三種編碼交互過程做訪談逐字稿分析，並再由已進入司法程序與駕駛適性有關的刑事裁判書，以內容分析法作為研究，最後與上述訪談所分析之結果綜合探討。
質化分析結果顯示，於醫學角度，分析出初步影響駕駛人之高風險醫療情形之範圍，包含心血管系統、神經系統、內分泌系統、胸腔系統、眼睛與精神方面之疾病，而藥物主要以會使駕駛人產生鎮定、視力模糊、認知功能下降、昏睡等之藥物影響較甚。於司法角度，本研究歸納出可透過自白搭配醫學鑑定、病史、影像畫面、救護員證詞等進一步推測行為當下，駕駛人可能疾病突發而導致車禍之情形，並分析出探討駕駛人及病突發的重要性。在駕駛人適性管控模式上，現階段可先由本研究所分析高風險醫療類別為基礎，進而擬定國內更詳細駕駛適性風險評估準則，並進行駕駛適性之教育宣導，等社會漸有共識成熟之後，未來階段政府再立法執行駕駛適性控管模式，透過醫師於健保卡註記影響駕駛適性資訊，上傳健保局並將資料連繫於車輛監理機關來進行病患之駕駛權利的限制，使醫學、司法與交通整合，達到公共安全最大效益之組合。

In recent years, the cases of the associations between sudden illness and traffic crash have emerged gradually. So, the appropriate conditions and factors of fitness to drive should be taken seriously. In this study, on the crash prevention side, to discuss high-risk medical conditions affecting fitness to drive ; from point of view of crash consequence, to construct relevant judicial model of criminal responsibility of driver. Obtaining the control mechanism of fitness to drive and medical between prevention and crash consequence .In domestic research topic of fitness to drive, the associations between diseases and traffic crashes and judicial cases related to fitness to drive are in the minority. Therefore, under the lack of relevant researches, this study use exploratory research-qualitative methods in order to know the factors of fitness to drive affecting traffic crashes. This study interviews medical and law people separately, and uses qualitative research- grounded theory with three coding process: open, axial and selective coding adopted to analyze the interview texts in order to explore the high-risk factors of affecting fitness to drive, and then the criminal verdicts related to fitness to drive which have entered the judicial process be analyzed by content analysis. Finally, with the comprehensive discussion results of interviews and criminal verdicts analysis.
In this study, from aspects on medicine, the research results show that high-risk illness of affecting drivers include Myocardial Infarction, Heart Disease, Epilepsy, Diabetes, Vertigo, Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Acute Glaucoma, Retinopathy, Retinal Vessel Occlusion, Schizophrenia, Dementia et cetera, and then the drugs include Antihistamine, Atropine ,Sedative ,Hypnotics, and poison et cetera. Due to these drugs may produce side effect like calm, impaired vision, cognitive decline, and lethargy after driver take it. From aspects on justice, summarizeing the certain objective evidence between behavior and crash results through confession with expert examination, medical history, video, witness, and EMT’s testimony in order to speculate that driver experiences a sudden onset of illness causing traffic crashes at that moment. And analysis of relevant judicial model of criminal responsibility of driver, to know the importance of exploring whether driver experiences a sudden onset of illness. On control mode of fitness to drive, in this current stage, Department of Health department can establish detailed medical standards of fitness to drive which based on analysis of high-risk medical condition in this study, proceeding the education and propaganda on fitness to drive and let physicians play a professional role in assessing fitness to drive. Wait until community has mature consensus gradually, the government enacts legislation to execute the control mode of fitness to drive in the next stage, through the physician notes medical information that affecting fitness to drive in IC card and uploads to Bureau of National Health Insurance connecting Motor vehicle Office in order to restrict driving rights of patient. Integrating the domain of medicine, justice and transportation in order to achieve maximum benefit contribution of public safety.

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2.內政部警政署警政統計通報 http://www.npa.gov.tw/NPAGip/wSite/mp
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11.英國癲癇學會http://www.epilepsy.org.uk/
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15.國際癲癇機構http://www.ibe-epilepsy.org/
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18.TVBS http://www.tvbs.com.tw/index/index.html