本研究利用自然界中常見的膨潤土對Cs+與Sr2+進行除汙工程，實驗分為兩大部分，第一部分為天然膨潤土之改質處理，藉由酸處理對天然膨潤土進行結構改質，活化膨潤土結構並去除其中多餘的陽離子雜質，再以強鹼處理進行離子改質，使Na+進入結構中佔據吸附位址，以提升膨潤土對Cs+與Sr2+之離子交換效果。
實驗結果顯示，於6 M之HCl於60 ℃環境下之結構改質處理，可使較多膨潤土層間之陽離子雜質（Mg2+、Ca2+、K+、Fe2+）溶出，且比表面積由26 m2/g提升至84.06 m2/g。由SEM分析證實，酸洗處理後使得膨潤土顆粒明顯變小。離子改質的部分選用6 M的NaOH於常溫環境下進行，EDS顯示強酸與強鹼會使膨潤土中的Al3+及Si4+溶出，使部分非橋氧配位形成，使溶液中Na+得以進入結構中，並附著於膨潤土的活化位置上，有效提升吸附效果。批次吸附實驗顯示，改質後的膨潤土對於Cs+與Sr2+吸附行為符合Langmuir model，飽和吸附量分別為169.46 mg/g與78.13 mg/g。從變溫吸附實驗中得到改質膨潤土之吸附Sr2+熱力學參數ΔG及ΔH分別為-4.962 kJ/mol（at 298 K）及-4.3 kJ/mol，顯示改質膨潤土對Sr2+與之吸附為一自發放熱反應。
與改質高嶺土相互比較之下，發現改質膨潤土存在部分六配位之Al（AlVI）離子，推測以AlVI-O-Na形式鍵結之Na+，與Sr2+之離子交換效率較高，因此改質膨潤土對Sr2+具有較高的吸附效率。
在Cs+、Sr2+、Co2+離子競爭吸附實驗結果發現，一價與二價陽離子應佔據不同的吸附位址，而二價陽離子（Sr2+與Co2+）會取代部分Cs+之吸附位址，導致Cs+吸附量會隨著二價陽離子的濃度提升而顯著下降，其中Co2+由於離子半徑最小，且自由能最低，因此具有最高之競爭吸附能力，使得Cs+與Sr2+之吸附能力隨著Co2+之存在均有明顯下降的現象。
本研究之第二部分為改質膨潤土之實廠應用評估。首先利用本研究室所開發之鈉鋁矽基質材料作為改質膨潤土之包覆材料，將有效粒徑由原始0.5m增大至0.3 mm，形成改膨潤土膠囊，解決微粒懸浮外洩及廢料再回收的問題。改質膨潤土膠囊因部分Na+受到膠囊包覆，而導致對Cs+與Sr2+的飽和吸附量略微下降，分別為132.98 mg/g及61.46 mg/g。最後，將吸附實驗完成後之膠囊廢棄物進行玻璃化處理，利用高溫達到鈉鋁矽基質材料玻璃固化之作用，可有效將Sr2+封存於玻璃化廢料中，除了體積大幅降低之外，經標準化離子洩漏測試結果，亦確認無離子洩露的狀況發生。

This study is devoted in the decontamination of nuclear wastewater, especially Cs+ and Sr2+. Bentonite was modified to increase the adsorption capacity of Sr2+. The adsorption capacity of Sr2+ increased from 32.9 to 78.1 mg/g after modification. The modified bentonite also has great Cs+ adsorption capacity around 169.49 mg/g. The structure was studied to find out the key factor of Sr2+ adsorption. The modified bentonite was tested in multi-cations solutions and simulated seawater to investigate the ion competition behavior. Both the adsorption capacity of Cs+ and Sr2+ decrease since other cations appeared. The sodium aluminosilicate material (NAS) from our previous research was used for granulation to obtain modified bentonite capsule. The adsorption isotherm and leaking experiment of modified bentonite capsule were also investigated for practical application. The adsorption capacity of Cs+ and Sr2+ of modified bentonite capsule was 132.98 and 61.46 mg/g, respectively without leaking after vitrification for 30 days.

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