隨著資通訊科技、人工智慧、大數據與開放資料的快速發展，地方政府治理模式逐漸由傳統行政管理轉向數位治理與智慧公共服務。本研究以「地方政府數位治理轉型政策效果之研究」為題，探討地方政府推動數位治理轉型後，對政策效能、行政效率、公共服務、公民參與、資料治理與政府透明度所產生之影響。本研究採文獻分析、單一個案研究與文件文本分析，並以臺南市為主要個案，檢視其數位治理平臺、資料開放、透明治理與公民參與機制之政策效果。研究發現，數位治理轉型有助於簡化行政流程、提升政策回應速度、擴大民眾參與管道，並強化政府資訊公開與決策透明。然而，其成效仍受資料整合不足、跨部門協作困難、數位落差、平台參與不均及法規制度未臻完善等因素限制。因此，地方政府應強化資料共享機制、完善數位基礎建設、提升民眾數位素養，並建立兼顧效率、透明、隱私與公平性的治理制度，以提升數位治理之政策效能。

With the rapid advancement of information and communication technologies (ICT), artificial intelligence (AI), big data, cloud computing, and open government data, governments around the world have increasingly adopted digital technologies to modernize public administration and improve governance performance. In Taiwan, local governments have actively promoted digital transformation by introducing digital service platforms, open data initiatives, smart city projects, and online citizen participation mechanisms. Compared with the traditional bureaucratic model, digital governance emphasizes data-driven decision-making, cross-departmental collaboration, government transparency, citizen engagement, and the delivery of more responsive and efficient public services. Nevertheless, whether digital governance transformation actually enhances policy effectiveness and governance capacity remains an important question in both academic research and public administration practice. Therefore, this study investigates the policy effects of digital governance transformation in local governments and examines the opportunities and challenges associated with its implementation.
The primary purpose of this research is to explore the relationship between digital governance transformation and policy effectiveness at the local government level. Specifically, the study analyzes how digital governance influences administrative efficiency, policy responsiveness, public service quality, government transparency, citizen participation, and data governance. In addition, the study examines the institutional limitations and governance challenges encountered during the digital transformation process and proposes policy recommendations for strengthening local digital governance. By integrating theories of digital governance, governance transformation, and policy effectiveness, this research seeks to provide a comprehensive analytical framework for evaluating digital governance policies from both theoretical and practical perspectives.
This study adopts a qualitative research design that combines literature analysis, documentary analysis, and a single-case study. Tainan City is selected as the primary research case because it has actively promoted smart city development and digital governance policies in recent years and has accumulated considerable experience in digital public administration. Relevant government documents, policy reports, official publications, open data resources, and academic literature are systematically analyzed to evaluate the implementation and policy outcomes of digital governance initiatives. The study focuses on several important aspects of Tainan City’s digital governance, including digital government service platforms, open data policies, transparent governance mechanisms, online public participation platforms, administrative digitalization, and interdepartmental coordination. Through documentary evidence and case analysis, the research evaluates the effectiveness of these initiatives in improving governance performance and public service delivery.
The findings indicate that digital governance transformation has generated several positive policy effects. First, digital technologies have simplified administrative procedures and significantly improved administrative efficiency by reducing processing time, enhancing information accessibility, and facilitating interdepartmental communication. The integration of digital platforms enables government agencies to process administrative affairs more efficiently and provide citizens with more convenient and timely public services. Second, digital governance has strengthened policy responsiveness by enabling governments to collect, analyze, and respond to public demands more rapidly through digital communication channels and online participation platforms. These technologies have improved the government’s capacity to respond to citizens’ needs while enhancing the effectiveness of policy implementation.
Third, digital governance has contributed to greater government transparency and accountability. The expansion of open government data and transparent governance mechanisms has increased public access to government information, thereby strengthening public oversight and improving trust in government institutions. Digital platforms have also expanded opportunities for citizen participation by allowing residents to express opinions, submit policy proposals, participate in public consultations, and interact with government agencies through online systems. Such developments demonstrate that digital governance is not merely a technological innovation but also a transformation of governance relationships between government and society.
Furthermore, the study finds that digital governance supports more effective data governance and evidence-based policymaking. The integration and utilization of government data enhance policy planning, resource allocation, and decision-making processes. Data-driven governance enables local governments to monitor policy implementation more accurately and improve the quality of public services through continuous performance evaluation and information sharing.
Despite these positive outcomes, the research also identifies several significant challenges that constrain the effectiveness of digital governance transformation. One major challenge is insufficient data integration across government departments. Information systems are often developed independently by different agencies, resulting in fragmented databases and limited interoperability. Such institutional fragmentation reduces administrative efficiency and weakens policy coordination. Another challenge involves difficulties in cross-departmental collaboration. Organizational boundaries, administrative culture, and inconsistent policy priorities often hinder effective cooperation among government agencies, limiting the overall effectiveness of digital governance initiatives.
The study also highlights the persistence of the digital divide as an important governance issue. Differences in digital literacy, access to information technology, and technological resources may prevent certain groups of citizens, particularly older adults and disadvantaged populations, from fully benefiting from digital public services. Consequently, digital governance may unintentionally create new forms of inequality if governments fail to provide adequate support for digital inclusion. In addition, unequal participation in online platforms may reduce the representativeness of public opinions and limit the democratic value of digital participation mechanisms.
Another important limitation concerns the incompleteness of legal and institutional frameworks governing digital governance. Existing regulations related to data sharing, information security, personal privacy protection, and digital administration remain insufficient to fully support the long-term development of digital governance. As governments increasingly rely on digital technologies and data-driven policymaking, greater attention must be paid to balancing administrative efficiency with privacy protection, cybersecurity, legal accountability, and social equity.
Based on these findings, this study proposes several policy recommendations. Local governments should strengthen cross-departmental data-sharing mechanisms and establish integrated digital governance platforms to improve administrative coordination and policy implementation. Governments should continue investing in digital infrastructure while enhancing information security and protecting citizens’ personal data. Efforts should also be made to improve citizens’ digital literacy through education and digital inclusion programs so that all members of society can equally benefit from digital public services. Furthermore, governments should establish comprehensive institutional and legal frameworks that promote transparency, accountability, privacy protection, fairness, and sustainable digital governance. Strengthening collaborative governance among government agencies, private organizations, and civil society is also essential for enhancing policy effectiveness and creating greater public value.
In conclusion, this study demonstrates that digital governance transformation has substantial potential to improve policy effectiveness, administrative efficiency, government transparency, public service quality, citizen participation, and data governance at the local government level. However, the successful implementation of digital governance depends not only on technological innovation but also on institutional reform, organizational collaboration, legal support, and inclusive public participation. Digital transformation should therefore be understood as a comprehensive governance reform rather than merely the adoption of new technologies. The findings of this research contribute to the literature on digital governance and provide practical policy implications for local governments seeking to strengthen governance capacity and promote sustainable digital transformation in the digital era.

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