中國西北部柴達木盆地北緣(柴北緣)地區高壓-超高壓榴輝岩的發現，顯示中國大陸中西部存在一條長約350公里之高壓-超高壓變質岩帶，這些榴輝岩是釐清中國大陸之區域地質構造及重建亞洲板塊演化史的重要基石。本研究分析了31個採自柴北緣東側都蘭、中段錫鐵山、西側綠梁山等地區的榴輝岩樣本之全岩主要元素、微量元素含量和143Nd/144Nd同位素比值，來探討控制榴輝岩化學組成變化之因子，藉此來瞭解柴北緣地區的構造環境和重建其大地構造演化模式。

　　柴北緣榴輝岩的143Nd/144Nd同位素比值落0.512303 - 0.513588範圍內，顯示為海洋岩石圈物質。由柴北緣地區的鋯石U-Pb定年證據得知變質年齡為450 Ma。經由變質年齡反演推算可將榴輝岩分為εNd(450)值> 9之第一類型和εNd(450)值< 9之第二類型。第一類型的榴輝岩只出現在西側的綠梁山地區，具有類似正常型中洋脊玄武岩(N-MORB) 之低LREE/HREE比值。但是其εNd(450)值 (9~15) 和Sm/Nd (0.23~0.28)比值則遠高於正常型中洋脊玄武岩(7~9和0.22)。此外，第一類型的榴輝岩之εNd(450)和147Sm/144Nd呈現反比趨勢。此現象為兩種地質作用之結果：首先，變質作用過程中的礦物分離效應，使石榴子石富集而增高其147Sm/144Nd比值。之後，榴輝岩與流體或岩漿(熔體)反應而使其147Sm/144Nd比值降低，造成對εNd(450)校正量之低估，導致εNd(450)值偏高。
　　
　　第二類型的榴輝岩其LREE/HREE比值較第一類型正常型中洋脊玄武岩高，可以根據微量元素的含量和變化趨勢再細分為兩群。一群為無HFSE虧損的富集型中洋脊玄武岩(E-MORB)，另一群則是具有明顯HFSE虧損的典型島弧型岩漿(arc magma)。這些原岩為富集型中洋脊玄武岩的榴輝岩分佈於柴北緣地中段和東側。而具有島弧訊號的榴輝岩則集中於柴北緣的東側。
　　
　　由柴北緣西側(綠梁山)至東側(都蘭)，具島弧特徵的原岩愈趨明顯，此系統性之分佈可以兩個大地構造模式來解釋。模式一為柴北緣地區曾經歷兩期不同隱沒方向的構造事件，早期為古祈連洋向東隱沒，於東側形成具島弧化學特徵之物質；之後再經由南北地塊的聚合使海洋地殼隱沒經歷高壓-超高壓變質，折返至地表而形成。模式二為大陸地殼朝南北向張裂和隱沒作用，由西側地殼先開始張裂然後向東延伸。因此西側會較早形成海洋地殼，具有較高機率出露中洋脊特徵的榴輝岩，而東側則因張裂時間較晚，海盆面積較小，而有相對較高比例之島弧物質。因此形成現今柴北緣地區榴輝岩原岩的地理分佈現象。

　The occurrence of high-pressure and ultrahigh-pressure eclogites in the northern border of Qaidam basin in central China indicates the existence of a 350 km orogenic belt. These eclogites provide constraints for reconstructing the tectonic evolution history in this region. In this study, we analyzed thirty-one eclogites sampled from the eastern (Dulan), central (XiTieShan) and western (LuLiangShan) parts of this orogenic belt for their major and trace element abundances as well as 143Nd/144Nd isotopic ratios to investigate the factors controlling geochemical compositions of these eclogites and to infer the tectonic evolution in this region.

　The 143Nd/144Nd ratios of these eclogites vary in the range of 0.512303- 0.513588 indicating derivation from oceanic lithosphere. Dating zircons in these eclogites constrains the metamorphic age to be ~450 Ma. After corrected for the metamorphic age, theεNd values of the studied eclogites can be divided into two groups; greater than 9 for group 1 and less than 9 for group 2. Group 1 samples only occur at the western portion of the studied orogenic belt. They have low LREE/HREE ratios resembling that of N-MORB. However, theirεNd(450) and 147Sm/144Nd values (9~15 and 0.23-0.28, respectively) are higher than that of N-MORB (7~9 and ~0.22, respectively). Furthermore, group 1 samples define a negative correlation between εNd(450) and 147Sm/144Nd ratios. The sample with the highest 147Sm/144Nd value has εNd(450) approaching the value of MORB. These features can be explained by combination of two processes; first, concentrating garnet by metamorphic differentiation, then, fluid or melt-infiltration to lower the 147Sm/144Nd ratios resulting in under-correction for theεNd(450) values.

　In contrast, group 2 samples have LREE/HREE higher than group 1 samples, and can be further divided in to two subgroups characterized by the absence and presence of HFSE depletions, respectively. The geochemical characteristic of the former are similar to those of the E-MORB whereas those of the latter are of typical arc lavas. Those metamorphosed from E-MORB protoliths were collected from the central and eastern parts while eclogites with arc signatures were mainly sampled at the eastern edge of northern Qaidam Basin. Such a systematic spatial distribution possibly indicates two subduction events. The arc protoliths might be resulted from the eastward collision between the paleo-Qilian ocean and its near-by continent. Then, the subsequent northward subduction of the paleo-Qilian ocean and the associated eastern arcs completely consumed this ocean-arc system leading to the formation of north Qaidam eclogites. Alternatively, the relative proportions of ocean and arc protoliths might reflect the size of the consumed ocean with high proportions of arc-related protoliths corresponding to a smaller ocean.

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中文部分：
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