背景：老人住院常因疾病或活動受限導致功能衰退，過去研究顯示超過30%的住院老人有功能衰退的現象，台灣甚至高達70%。且在出院三個月後，恢復至住院前身體功能的機率不到75%。功能衰退不僅能影響老人生活品質更甚至造成死亡率的提升。目的：本研究旨在探討身體功能衰退老人出院後三個月功能恢復情形及其影響因素。方法：研究採橫斷性相關性研究，藉2008年「探討住院老人功能衰退的危險因子」國科會研究計畫資料進行次級資料分析。該研究於台南市某醫學中心之8個內科病房，針對65歲以上且能以國台語溝通的住院老人為對象，依方便取樣篩選符合收案之住院老人，並進行結構性問卷調查。筆者擷取原始資料中之個案基本資料、入院診斷、查爾森共病症指標、迷你智能狀態測驗、凱茲日常生活活動量表、住院前之平日活動情形等，並使用SPSS17.0 for windows進行描述性及推論性統計分析。結果：住院老人於出院後三個月仍有54.22% 尚未恢復至其原有的身體功能狀態。是否有規律活動為住院老人身體功能恢復的獨立影響因素(p = 0.027 < 0.01)。臨床運用：規律活動與否可作為預測老人出院後功能恢復的參考指標。未恢復功能之老人於三個月後發生尿失禁的比例較高，這表示未恢復的老人續發其他老人症候群比例較高。此研究結果可提供臨床人員或社區照護團隊，在進行照護時，針對已發生或易發生功能衰退的老人族群給予指導，以期能維護住院老人獨立生活能力。

Background: For many older adults, hospitalization can lead to functional decline because of diseases or activity restriction. Previous studies found that 70% hospitalized older adults experienced functional decline in Taiwan. Less than 75% of them could regain their previous physical function, three months post-hospitalization. The experience functional decline may not only affect the quality of life but else increase the mortality rate. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe functional recovery and its determinants among elderly patient three months post-hospitalization. Method: This was a cross-sectional study, using secondary data analysis. The data originated from a research project, functional decline among hospitalized elderly. Subjects of the original project were recruited through convenience sampling from eight medical units at a university hospital in southern Taiwan. Inclusion criteria were patients aged ≥ 65 years and were capable of communication. For the purpose of this study, the demographic information, Charlson comorbidity index, Mini-mental state examination, Katz ADL and associated information were retrieved from original data. Results: More than half (54.22%) elderly had persistent functional impairment 3 months post-hospitalization. Regular physical activity (p = 0.027 < 0.01) is the only independent factor associated with functional recovery. Implications for Practice: Regular physical activity can be used as reference indicators predicting functional recovery of the elderly after discharge. Those elderly who didn't to regain baseline ADL function, experience higher risk of other Geriatric syndrome. This resultsmay be used for planning future clinical care or community interventions.

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