性侵議題一直受到社會廣泛關注，但在許多文化中仍是禁忌且無法公開討論，受害者甚至還被污名化。實際上，受害者在正常的報案、舉證、傷口檢查及法律訴訟過程中常會經驗到再次創傷（re-traumatization），這和受害者無法處在能感受安全的場域有關，而欲構築出所謂的「安全空間」（safe spaces）則又涵蓋了人對實體環境與心理層次的雙重感知，更是性侵受害者邁向復原的重要條件。在此背景下，本研究旨在從專業助人者觀點探討心理與實體安全空間對性侵倖存者創傷後復原的重要影響因素，並以助人者的實務經驗為例進行跨文化探究。本研究以危機處理中心與性侵害防治等非政府組織機構的專業助人工作者為對象（含：輔導員、社工員及心理諮商師），從他們長期面對受害者的實際處遇經驗與專業觀點切入，瞭解安全空間在受害者復原歷程的意義。為能更瞭解島嶼國家的文化系統在此議題上的潛在影響，本研究邀請來自臺灣與聖盧西亞兩地的專業助人者共八位，以質性研究取向的半結構式深度訪談進行資料蒐集，由於受到新冠疫情影響，訪談多採線上視訊連線，每次持續時間約30至90分鐘，於三個半月內完成全部訪問，並以批判理論（Critical Theory）為分析視域進行批判性話語分析（Critical Discourse Analysis, CDA）。研究結果主要揭示：1.在專業助人者眼中，心理與實體安全空間對性侵受害者的復原是重要條件；2.性侵受害者由於具有受傷的心理空間結構，因此需更重視實體安全空間對其復原歷程的重要性；3.社會文化特性、生活環境場域，以及性教育的實施都仍有本質層次的侷限尚待突破。本文最後提出研究限制與批判建言，提醒當局者對島嶼國家的空間型態與地理特性應更具文化意識的覺察與省思，方能為受創個案構築起更安全且友善的社會保護網。

The purpose of this study is to explore the important influencing factors of psychological and physical safe spaces on survivors' healing from the perspective of professional helpers, and to illustrate specifically with the helpers’ experiences in assisting sexual trauma survivors. Sexual assault has been a concern for decades but is still taboo in many societies; stigmatization of victims is common. In addition, the victims often experience re-traumatization during the normal process of police reporting, injury examination, and court trial, which are the origins of the fact of the lack of feeing safe. To avoid difficulties in recruiting victims due to the sensitive topic, this research focuses on the view of professional helpers of both Saint Lucia and Taiwan to declare that Safe Spaces are necessary conditions for sexually abused victims’ healing process. Based on critical theory, the critical discourse analysis (CDA) method was deployed, and semi-structured interviews were performed between Saint Lucian and Taiwanese professionals over three months. Because of the epidemic, most of the interviews were conducted online and lasted 30 to 90 minutes. From the perspective of eight helpers (counselors, social workers, and psychologists) who work in crisis centers, sexual assault NGOs, or agencies, the study discloses three main themes: 1. “psychological and physical safety are the fundamentals behind establishing safe spaces;” 2. “sexual assault victims' psychological spatial mechanisms are tied to physical places;” 3. “the limitations of the cardinal characters of societies, surroundings, and sex education.” Finally, this study presents limitations and puts forward critical suggestions, appealing that the authorities should be culturally aware and reflect on the spatial patterns and geographical characteristics of island countries in order to build a safer and more friendly social protection network for individual cases.

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