在台灣目前建築資訊模型(Building Information Modeling, BIM)已逐漸被營建業廣泛的應用，多使用於建築工程之施工衝突檢測，而較少使用在橋梁工程專案管理。因此，如何藉由BIM運用在建築工程的經驗，發展出BIM應用於橋梁工程之成本管理實為亟需推動之課題。過去雖然有導入BIM於臺灣公共工程招標準備階段之研究，其作法僅運用在建築工程，且元件只賦予元件與PCCES編碼為一對一的連結。由於未明確定義BIM元件與PCCES編碼之間多對多的關係，因此在專案成本管理上仍無法有效應用。
本研究依據橋梁工法解析BIM之參數需求，藉由BPH概念建立元件與公共工程編碼之合約項目彼此間關係。將分析相關性析之結果建立橋梁資料庫作為資訊整合之基礎。最後，整合建構橋梁BIM模型所需要資訊與分析橋梁成本相關性以及解析預算過程，應用IDEF0資訊流分析法工具提出以BIM為基礎之橋梁工程成本管理流程，以此模式編列出專案成本管理所需之預算書。
以橋梁工程結構體進行驗證，經由案例之應用與驗證結果顯示：(1)利用BPH概念定義元件與公共工程編碼之關係及建立其橋梁資料庫具有適用性及準確性。(2)專案執行階段使用橋梁資料庫查詢相關的工程資訊，使得管理者憑藉工程圖檔即可得知相關成本項目。(3)如專案設計階段工程圖檔改變時，只須依循本研究流程執行成本管理，可將繁瑣的成本計算過程精確化，減少工項數量計算的時間和錯誤。因此本研究提出之模式與橋梁資料庫，確實協助專業施工廠商擷取施工前所需之量體資訊，並藉由BIM技術產出預算項目及工程數量，將可提升預算品質及效率。

BIM has been applied to many bridge construction projects. Although BIM is used in bridge construction for analyzing and simulating the construction process. The information exchanges between stakeholders are still inefficient and insufficient due to poorly defined relationships between BIM model and the information required by stakeholders.Therefore, it is important to develop a platform of information exchanges for stakeholders according to their uses and objectives. This research focuses on the cost-related issues of the bridge construction with BIM model.
First information requirements are analyzed according to the concept of building project hierarchy (BPH).The BPH, combines BIM model and the construction methods of bridge’s superstructure as a hierarchy of database. Then, each BIM component and its related work items are defined by the result of the above analysis to build the database of bridge components. Finally, IDEF0 is used to determine the required processes and information exchanges based on the bridge components database for managing projects costs. According to the case study, the bridge components developed can efficiently produce the budget for BIM-based projects.

Key words: BIM, Information integration, Cost management, Bridge Constrction

英文部分
[1].AIA. (2008). http://www.aia.org/.
[2].Autodesk. (2014). http://www.autodesk.com.tw/.
[3].Arun M. Shirolé, P.E., “Integrated Bridge Project Delivery & Life Cycle Management”, U.S. Departmerent of Transportation, FHWA Project: DTFH61-06-D-00037, 2008.
[4].BIM Forum. (2014). http://www.bimforum.org/.
[5].BIM Forum. (2013). Level of Development Specification. Retrieved from http://bimforum.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/2013-LOD-Specifation.
[6].CIC. (2010). BIM project execution planning guide. The Computer Integrated Construction Research Program: The Pennsylvania State University.
[7].Cheung, F., Rihan, J., Tah, J., Duce, D., and Kurul, E., (2012). “Early stage multi-level cost estimation for schematic BIM model” Automation in Construction, Vol. 27, pp. 67-77
[8].Eastman, C., Teicholz, P., Sacks, R., and Liston, K., (2008). BIM Handbook: A Guide to Building Information Modeling for Owners, Managers, Designers, Engineers, and Constructors, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York.
[9].Eastman, C., Teicholz, P., Sacks, R., and Liston, K., (2011). BIM Handbook：John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York.
[10].Francesca Maier, PE, “Bridge Information Modeling: Opportunities, Limitations, and Spanning the Chasm with Current Tools”, Autodesk University, 2012.
[11].FIP. (1993). “INTEGRATION DEFINITION FOR FUNCTION MODELING (IDEF0).” Federal Information Processing Standards Publications, Federal Information Processing Standards Publications.
[12].Hegazy, T., Zaneldin, E., and Grierson, D. (2001). “Improving design coordination for building projects. I: Information model.” Journal of construction engineering and management, Vol. 127, pp. 322-329.
[13].Hartmann, T., Meerveld, H., Vossebeld, N., and Adriaanse, A., (2012). “Aligning building information model tools and construction management methods” Automation in Construction, Vol. 22, pp. 605-613
[14].Kasi, M., and Chapman, R. E., (2011). Proposed UNIFORMAT II Classification of Bridge Elements. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
[15].Kalin, M., Weygant, R. S., Rosen, H. J., and Regener, J. R., (2011). Construction specifications writing: principles and procedures. John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York.
[16].Microsoft Access. (2014). http://office.microsoft.com/zh-tw/.
[17].Ma, Z., Wei, Z., and Zhang, X., (2013). “Semi-automatic and specification compliant cost estimation for tendering of building projects based on IFC data of design model” Automation in Construction, Vol. 30, pp. 126-135.
[18].Monteiro, A., and Martins, J., (2013). “A Survey on modeling guidelines for quantity takeoff-oriented BIM-based design” Automation in Construction, Vol. 35, pp. 238-253.
[19].McGraw Hill Construction. (2013). http://construction.com/
[20].Popov, V., Juocevicius, V., Migilnskas, D., Ustinovichius, L., and Mikalauskas, S., (2010). “The use of a virtual building design and construction model for developing and effective project concept in 5D environment” Automation in Construction, Vol. 19, Issue 3, pp. 357-367.
[21].Sampaio, A. Z., & Martins, O. P. (2014). “The application of virtual reality technology in the construction of bridge: The cantilever and incremental launching methods.” Automation in Construction, Vol. 37, pp. 58-67.
[22].Smith, P., (2014). “BIM & the 5D Project Cost Manager” Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 119, pp. 475-484
[23].Vico Software. (2014). http://www.vicosoftware.com/
[24].Volk, R., Stengel, J., and Schultmann, F., (2014). “Building Information Modeling(BIM) for existing building-Literature review and future needs” Automation in Construction, Vol. 43, pp. 109-127
[25].Zhang, J. P., and Hu, Z. Z. (2011). “BIM-and 4D-based integrated solution of analysis and management for conflicts and structural safety problems during construction: 1. Principles and methodologies.” Automation in construction, Vol.20, Issue2, pp.155-166.
中文部分
[1].林樹柱、葉銘煌，「回顧近十年來臺灣橋梁工程之建設概況─預力混凝土橋」，結構工程第十一卷第一期，P3~P20，1996。
[2].徐耀賜，「橋梁結構之基本功能」，台北：全威圖書股份有限公司，1997。
[3].王玨，「建築工程營建管理常用圖表集」，台北：詹式書局，1998。
[4].鄭明淵，陳俊賓，「案例式推理在橋梁上部結構工法評選之應用」，國立臺灣科技大學營建工程技術研究所碩士論文，1998。
[5].余家祥，「以案例式推理建構建築工程成本估算系統」，國立中央大學土木工程學系研究所營建管理組碩士論文，2001。
[6].郭榮欽，「工程估價Excel應用」，台北：全華科技圖書股份有限公司，2004。
[7].藍啟榮，「橋梁施工支撐先進工法與全跨預鑄吊裝工法成本之比較-以臺灣高鐵為例」，朝陽科技大學營建工程系研究所碩士論文，2004。
[8].魏誥辰，「應用多維度建築圖形元件於營建專案分包商資訊管理之研究」，國立成功大學土木研究所碩士論文，2005。
[9].蕭新祿，「預力混凝土箱型橋梁之上部結構工法評選研討」，逢甲大學土木工程學系碩士論文，2006。
[10].王玨，「營建投資估算實務-投資分析.工程概估.電腦計算.成本管理」，台北：詹式書局，2009。
[11].沈華養，「內政部委託辦理營造業工地主任220小時職能訓練課程講習計畫」，台北：內政部營建署，2009。
[12].邱顯硯，「建築資訊模型應用於施工作業檢討-以蘇樂橋吊裝作業為例」，中華大學土木與工程資訊所碩士論文，2010。
[13].賴東延，「導入BIM於臺灣公共工程招標準備階段之研究」，國立臺灣大學土木工程學系碩士論文，2011。
[14].交通部運輸研究所，「臺灣地區橋梁管理資訊系統」橋梁資料查核計畫，2011。
[15].溫志洵，「以產出工程施工文件為目的之建築資訊模型資訊規範」，國立成功大學土木研究所碩士論文，2012。
[16].吳金峻，「建構以BIM為基礎之建築工程物料管理架構」，國立成功大學土木研究所碩士論文，2013。
[17].程至弘，「建構以BIM為基礎之鋼構工程作業流程」，國立成功大學土木研究所碩士論文，2013。
[18].陳育群，「公共工程編碼系統與BIM結合於預算書製作之研究」，國立臺灣大學土木工程學系碩士論文，2013。
[19].行政院公共工程委員會. (2014). http://pcces.pcc.gov.tw/.