由於國民所得提高，私人運具持有量上升，停車議題開始備受重視，若無法解決停車問題，將使駕駛人需在路上繞行，不僅造成交通混亂、降低道路服務水準，也可能造成事故。因此如何即時提供民眾更完善的停車場空位產生資訊，以避免整體社會之交通問題與幫助民眾節省時間成為相當重要的課題。
　　在現實生活中，民眾覺得疑問的是為甚麼沒有空位可以供其停放；同時業者也苦惱著離峰時間如何解決空位過多的問題；此外，政府也欲解決道路上交通壅塞和車輛恣意停放的問題。有鑑於此，停車需求預測對於停車場業者的經營管理相當重要，透過了解需求的尖離峰時間、掌握進、離場車輛數與推算平均停放時間，並以此數據分析配合問卷調查結果制訂出適宜的費率收費模式，如此一來可以調降收費以減少離峰時間無人停放的問題，還可以在尖峰時段提供預約服務，藉此提高收益，故本研究將透過了解停車需求的變動情形和調查駕駛人的價格偏好和習慣進行策略規劃，以提高業者的經營效益和滿足駕駛人的需要。
　　本研究應用國內某一場停車場的車輛停放資料，進而分析、設計停車需求模型，並以進、離場車輛數作為主要分析對象，利用該停車場在不同時間區間的車輛進出數量變化進行研究。模型之建構將以歷史資料中的車輛進場星期、時間區間與各時間區間的進、離場車輛數為基礎，並依照停放情形進行分類，並採用類神經網路進行學習訓練，進而找出最佳預測時間區間及模型，並利用此模型了解使用者的停放行為與變化，以其獲取與實際情形相近的數值。其次透過敘述性偏好方法設計問卷並討論在尖、離峰時段收取不同費率與車位預約服務的情境組合，以探討該場停車場使用者對於差別費率的偏好，進而提供業者後續制定多重費率以及額外車位預約服務的建議。
　　整體來說，本研究以探討需求特性出發，設計模型來預測各時段的進、離場車輛數，如此即可推斷出各時段的空位產出情形，並從停車場經營業者的角度切入，將之與營收管理中的差別訂價與經營策略進行結合，針對需求波動情形訂出差別費率，並設計出不同情境之停車服務與收費組合以得到民眾和業者同時能接受的收費方式。本研究之成果可以提供停車場業者，作為針對其停車場經營管理中設計最適宜的尖離峰差別費率策略的參考，此外也提出「提早預約、保證車位」的構想，期望透過創意的服務設計，不僅能解決使用者找不到停車位的困擾，也能提供經營者依據需求情形設計出適當的行銷方式和服務型態並對於整體環境之交通系統效率也有助益。

As the increasing of income, private vehicles ownership also increase significantly, which makes urban parking issues being valued. Due to parking problems, not only traffic chaos occurs frequently but also cause accidents. It is indeed a vital concern of urban traffic management how to provide complete parking space information to avoid traffic problems and help drivers saving time. As for the parking lots operators, they can scheme appropriate operational strategies and reservation services if they utilize and control demand distribution effectively. By knowing parking demand characteristic and drivers’ pricing preference, operators would be able to enhance operating benefits while meeting the need of drivers.
This research will start by investigating parking data with the assistance of a parking lot in Taiwan. Artificial Neural Network models will be applied to construct demand forecasting models based on the entering and exiting day and average number of entering and exiting vehicles in the specific time interval. The questionnaire survey will be implemented based on the framework of stated preference, assuming a different mix of rates and service types for exploring users’ attitude toward the differential pricing plans. The concept of early booking with guaranteed parking spaces is also proposed.
It is expected the proposed business strategies would reduce the proposed business strategies would reduce the inconvenience of users and provide a good basis for parking lots operators to further marketing planning, and even enhance overall traffic environment efficiency.

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