台灣之燃煤電廠持續以每年接近200萬噸之量產生灰渣，其中燃煤底灰約佔20%，而目前台灣大多數之研究以飛灰為主，使得飛灰的利用率已接近90%，相較之下，底灰的利用率卻相當低，且多數被堆置於灰塘之中，除了會造成生態環境被破壞之外，堆置空間日漸減少也是另一項重大衝擊。
燃煤底灰內含豐富的SiO2、Al2O3及Fe2O3等成份，正是製造玻璃的主要原料，且含有TiO2，是促進形成玻璃陶瓷的成核劑，原始底灰玻璃之熔點及黏滯度均高，需調整成份。故本研究以燃煤底灰添加10wt%之碳酸鈉、15wt%之碳酸鈣及5wt%之二氧化鈦熔製玻璃，再經適當之熱處理程序後，獲得微晶玻璃。將所得之底灰玻璃利用DTA分析並觀察其吸放熱行為，且獲得熱處理的重要溫度點，並以文獻為依據，求得底灰玻璃之預成核最佳熱處理條件。
底灰玻璃經DTA分析可得知二階段熱處理之最佳成核條件為730℃持溫2小時。而玻璃經一階段及二階段之熱處理後，利用XRD分析可得知兩製程之結晶相均相同，其結晶相種類包括鈣斜長石、霞石、鈣鐵榴石等結晶相。
利用Kissinger之公式可求得一階段熱處理之結晶活化能為156.078 KJ/mole，二階段熱處理之結晶活化能為216.744 KJ/mole，可知此成份之底灰玻璃粉末較適用於一階段熱處理之製程。於基本物理性質方面，利用阿基米德法可得知經一階段或二階段熱處理之微晶玻璃，其體密度及視比重均較原樣玻璃來的高。
本實驗較前人研究[1]多添加5wt%之二氧化鈦，底灰玻璃經DTA分析可得知其結晶放熱峰如預期的提前發生，且有第二結晶放熱峰的形成；利用XRD分析可得知，本實驗有霞石及鈣鐵榴石等不同結晶相的生成；於結晶活化能方面，可得知添加二氧化鈦可幫助降低結晶活化能。

The coal combustion electric power plant generates total coal ash about two hundred million tons annually, and bottom ash is about 20% of all. The chemical composition of bottom ash are mostly SiO2 and Al2O3 which makes the major composition of glass raw materials. Furthermore, TiO2 can serve as nucleating agent to make glass ceramics. The glass from bottom ash then heat-treated to enhance nucleation and crystal growth to obtain crystallization glass. The use of analytical instruments (DTA, XRD) can investigate the crystal behavior of crystallization glass. The mechanics and kinetic energy of crystal growth will be studied too.
This research add 10wt% Na2CO3, 15wt% CaCO3 and 5wt% TiO2 into bottom ash, and use Na+ and Ca2+ to reduce viscosity of the melt as well as fusion point of bottom ash to enhance the phase separation of glass and promote crystallization ability of glass, and then transforming to crystallization glass by single or two step heat-treatment. It’s crystal phases are anorthite, nepheline and andradite. The temperature of maximum nucleation rate is 730oC and the most appropriate nucleation time is 2 hours. The activity energy of single heat-treatment was 156.078 KJ/mole, and of two heat-treatment was 216.744 KJ/mole. It shows the processing of single heat-treatment is more suitable for the powder of the glass ceramics.
According to DTA analysis will know that this research add 5wt% TiO2 more than previous research will help the first crystalline phase growth early, help a second crystalline phase growth and help to reduce activity energy.

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