| 研究生: |
康莊敬 Kang, Chuang-Ching |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
定位及超高分子量聚乙烯層厚度對全人工膝關節置換術之生物力學探討 Biomechanical Evaluations of Alignment and UHMWPE Thickness on TKA |
| 指導教授: |
張志涵
Chang, Chih-Han 楊俊佑 Yang, Jun-You |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
工學院 - 醫學工程研究所 Institute of Biomedical Engineering |
| 論文出版年: | 2002 |
| 畢業學年度: | 90 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 74 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 有限元素法 、超高分子量聚乙烯層 、對位 、全人工膝關節置換術 、形合度 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | finite element analysis (FEA), conformity, UHMWPE, alignment, total knee arthroplasty (TKA) |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:80 下載:1 |
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一般全人工膝關節置換後失敗之主因為磨耗,目前有關全人工膝關節的測試與評估,國內外相關文獻報告並不多,全人工膝關節(TKA)的探討大多偏向以簡化的幾何形狀模型模擬,或是偏著重於實驗及重於設計上的探討;對於組件間對位(alignment)對全人工膝關節之影響並未完整評估,例如相對位移量增加是否導致超高分子量聚乙烯層(UHMWPE)之磨耗(wear)增加,及造成全人工膝關節的鬆動,仍須加以評估考量;此外在設計型態上超高分子量聚乙烯層較佳厚度之選擇,進而提高全人工膝關節置換後之成功率,以及形合度(conformity)所造成之影響,也是目前膝關節生物力學研究努力的方向。
本研究期望藉由電腦輔助工程技術,並整合CAD系統的方式,建立出精確並且完整的三維有限元素全人工關節模型,並評估不同邊界條件和負載情況下其應力應變分佈情況,探討膝關節不當的定位(malalignment position),其界面應力對全人工膝關節置換時所產生之影響,並模擬設計參數之影響,分別給予超高分子量聚乙烯層不同之厚度,由分析結果可以使我們更加瞭解全人工膝關節生物力學行為,作為設計及手術之參考資料,並提供給予臨床醫師在治療上的參考。
本研究初步結果顯示,不當定位對置換後關節面之界面應力產生相當大的影響,但應力改變量並不一定與定位差異量成等比例變化;另外,由設計上之形合度及接觸面積與定位差異之比較,可推論全人工膝關節設計中形合度之影響將會遠超過對位上之因素。因此本研究建議全人工膝關節置換成功之首要因素,將是提高組件間之形合度,此舉將有效分散應力,避免集中於部分區域而造成磨耗等相關問題,以提全人工膝關節之使用年限。
The alignment of components is one factor that affects load transferring of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). For Malalignment during surgery, the excessive contact stress contributes to surface damages and high wear rate of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) component and further leads to the failure of TKA. The Conformity and thickness are design factors that also affect the stress associated with surface damage and subsequent generation of harmful polyethylene debris. The purpose of this study was to investigate the biomechanical effects of TKA for various UHMWPE thicknesses and alignments as well as conformity by three-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA).
The results indicated that reduce the thicknesses of UHMWPE would increase the interface stress but the effect was not as serve as previous studies. The malalignment during TKA surgery would greatly affect the interface stress between femoral and tibial components. However, the stress variations did not show a consistent trend with the malalignment amounts. Inspect the deformation of various of malalignment condition, it was observanted that the real factor that affect the conformity was stress distribution of TKA. This outcome suggested that the conformity was the major factor in evaluating the load transfer between TKA components. Also from the evaluation of conformity, it was acknowledged that if conformity could not be maintain with suitable alignment, a plane UHMWPE design could offered less peak stress from current simulation.
Key word: total knee arthroplasty (TKA), UHMWPE, conformity, alignment, finite element analysis (FEA)
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