本論文主要在研製應用於寬頻的射頻微波電路中的半循環器及平衡器單石晶片。前兩章介紹射頻微波電路的研究背景與基礎理論。第三章包含了兩個主動式的半循環器，首先提出利用相位相消達高隔離度之寬頻CMOS半循環器，電路核心為串接兩組buffer以降低電晶體的高頻效應，因此而可藉由相位相消技巧獲得極佳的傳輸端與接收端之間隔離度、提高電路的操作頻帶並且拓展頻寬，由量測結果，在5-33 GHz頻寬內，埠一至埠二的插入損失為1-8 dB，埠二至埠三為4-8 dB，各埠的隔離度皆大於20 dB，而埠一與埠三間的隔離度最高可達60 dB。接著，提出結合耦合器可操作在Ka至W頻段之高隔離度CMOS半循環器，電路利用結合藍吉耦合器的寬頻與與電晶體可操作在高頻的特色使電路可具有極寬的操作頻率，相較以往包含被動元件的半循環器，新的電路架構方式，不但具有小面積且有極寬頻的優點，由量測結果，在26-67 GHz內，插入損耗皆小於10 dB，埠一至埠三的隔離度最高可達55 dB，而其他各埠的隔離度皆大於20 dB。
第四章則是提出寬頻且高線性度之低功耗平衡器，此電路使用一組差動對產生輸出訊號，再串接current-reuse的LNA來提供增益並且降低消耗功率，使得此電路具有高增益及低功耗的優點，另外，使用電感來補償兩輸出埠的相位差，並且吸收電晶體的寄生電容產生的效應，除了可減少兩輸出平衡相位差外也可使增益平坦化，由模擬結果，在6-29 GHz的頻寬內，增益最高可達15 dB，P1dB為2.3 dBm，相位差皆小於4o。

Two quasi-circulators and a active balun using TSMC 90 nm CMOS process for communication front-end system applications are proposed. First, a broadband and high isolation active quasi-circulator MMIC is introduced. The quasi-circulator cascaded two buffer stages to expand the bandwidth and improve the isolation from port 2 to port 1 and from port 3 to port 2. The leakage signal from port 1 to port 3 can be reduced effectively by the phase cancellation technique. As the measured results show, the proposed quasi-circulator possesses an insertion loss less than 8 dB and all isolations on 5-33 GHz are better than 20 dB.
Afterward, a Ka to W band CMOS quasi-circulator combined Lange coupler and transistors to achieve high isolation and broad bandwidth by phase cancellation technique. Based on the simulation, very wideband operation from 26 to 120 GHz can be obtained. The measured data shows that better than 40 dB isolation between the port 1 and port 3 with 94 GHz (26-120 GHz) operational bandwidth. While that for port 2 to port 1 and port 3 to port 2 is better than 30 and 35 dB, respectively. The insertion loss of port 1 to port 2 is 7-10 dB, and that of port 2 to port 3 is 6-10 dB. Due to the measurement system limitation, the overall measured bandwidth of the proposed quasi-circulator was implemented in the range of DC-67 GHz, therefore, the measured insertion losses is about 6-9 dB and isolations are better than 20 dB from 26-67 GHz.
Finally, a high gain and high P1dB active balun with low power consumption was proposed. The proposed circuit consisted of differential stage and current-reuse LNA to achieve high insertion gain and reduce the DC power consumption. Moreover, the proposed active balun used single differential stage can avoid to decreasing the P1dB, and cascaded a gate inductor with differential stage to enhance the operation bandwidth. Base on the simulated results, the proposed active balun exhibits good insertion gain of 12-15 dB and low gain/phase error are less than 1.5 dB/4 degree with high P1dB of 2.3 dBm in 6-25 GHz operation bandwidth.

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