簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 張曜昕
Chang, Yao-Hsin
論文名稱: 無刷雙饋磁阻發電機設計於風力發電之應用
Design of Brushless Doubly-Fed Reluctance Generator for Wind Turbines
指導教授: 謝旻甫
Hsieh, Min-Fu
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 系統及船舶機電工程學系
Department of Systems and Naval Mechatronic Engineering
論文出版年: 2015
畢業學年度: 103
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 80
中文關鍵詞: 風力發電無刷雙饋磁阻發電機磁阻轉子同步磁阻電機
外文關鍵詞: Wind turbine, Brushless doubly-fed reluctance generator, Synchronous reluctance machine, Reluctance rotor
相關次數: 點閱:90下載:8
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 本論文針對風力發電系統設計其無刷雙饋磁阻發電機(Brushless doubly-fed reluctance generator, BDFRG),在符合所需之風能輸入條件下選擇合適的葉片,並考慮葉片輸出與發電機輸入間之匹配關係。考量風機調速上的需求,發電機在設計上具有控制繞組(Control winding)與功率繞組(Power winding)之雙繞組架構,然卻也造成其運轉中低轉矩密度的特性。因此本文利用「單位控制繞組電流產生最大轉矩」(Maximum torque per secondary ampere)的控制方式,以及透過具有較佳耦合性能之4/8極繞線(控制繞組4極,功率繞組8極)來深入探討高度非線性之磁通耦合下,兩定子繞組之磁動勢大小配置,並針對電機輸出特性加以分析,以改善其缺點。而本文亦透過磁阻轉子之幾何結構設計,改善BDFRG轉矩與轉矩漣波等特性,以提高其應用上的價值。最後提出針對此風力發電系統之設計法則及流程,並透過實驗與模擬驗證,以作為此電機未來發展重要的基底貢獻。

    This thesis designs the Brushless doubly-fed reluctance generator (BDFRG) for wind power systems. A set of appropriate turbine blades is first selected according to the wind condition and required specifications. Then the BDFRG can be designed by considering the characteristic match between the turbine blades and the BDFRG. Considering the requirement of speed regulations for wind turbines, BDFRG is constructed with two sets of windings, including the control and power windings. However, this also causes low torque density performance in generator operation. To solve this problem, the thesis employs the “Maximum torque per secondary ampere (MTPSA)” control and the 4/8 poles windings (control winding 4P, power winding 8P) which have better coupling performance for allocation of the MMF between the two stator windings. Therefore, the output characteristics can be enhanced. Moreover, the torque and torque ripple of the generator can be also improved by the reluctance rotor design in this thesis. Finally, the experimental studies validates the proposed design of the BDFRG.

    摘要 I Extended Summary II 誌謝 VIII 目錄 IX 表目錄 XI 圖目錄 XII 符號表 XV 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究背景 1 1.1.1 發電機組架構考量 1 1.1.2 各種發電機組維修與成本考量 5 1.2 研究動機與目的 10 1.3 本文架構 12 第二章 文獻回顧 13 2.1 無刷雙饋磁阻電機歷史 13 2.2 無刷雙饋電機國外研究現況 14 2.3 無刷雙饋磁阻電機之定轉子極數耦合設計 15 2.4 無刷雙饋磁阻電機之轉子設計 17 2.4.1 轉子之絕緣氣條(Flux barriers)數量: 19 2.4.2 絕緣氣條(Flux barriers)寬度 20 2.4.3 轉子導磁通道(Flux segment)分布 21 2.4.4 肋部(Rib)寬度 22 2.5 無刷雙饋磁阻電機之驅動、控制方式 23 第三章 葉片選用與參數分析 27 3.1 葉片分類、選用 27 3.2 葉片參數之決定與輸出特性 28 3.3 無刷雙饋磁阻發電機規格制定 33 第四章 無刷雙饋磁阻電機之設計 35 4.1 無刷雙饋磁阻電機之磁阻力原理 35 4.2 無刷雙饋電機操作模式與功率流向 36 4.3 無刷雙饋磁阻電機之數學模型 39 4.4 無刷雙饋磁阻電機之轉矩成分 42 4.5 兩定子繞組之繞線與激磁方式 44 4.6 無刷雙饋磁阻轉子之幾何設計 45 4.6.1 轉子上絕緣氣條之數量(NFB) 46 4.6.2 轉子上導磁通道之寬度分佈(DWFS) 47 4.6.3 轉子上絕緣氣條之寬度(WFB) 48 4.6.4 轉子上最外圈的絕緣氣條位置(POMFB) 49 4.6.5 轉子上切線方向肋條(Tangential rib)與徑向肋條(Radial rib)之寬度 50 4.7 兩定子繞組之MMF配置 53 4.8 兩定子繞組設計 59 4.9 無刷雙饋磁阻發電機輸出性能 61 4.10 無刷雙饋磁阻風力發電機組設計流程 63 第五章 有限元素模擬與實驗之驗證 65 5.1 實驗架構 65 5.2 實驗結果與分析 67 5.2.1 功率繞組恆頻測試 67 5.2.2 獨立發電測試(加入負載電阻) 68 第六章 結論與建議 73 參考文獻 75

    [1] International Energy Agency (IEA), "Wind Energy Roadmap Targets," 2009

    [2] International Energy Agency (IEA), "Wind Energy Roadmap Targets," 2013

    [3] H. Li, Z. Chen, "Overview of different wind generator systems and their comparisons," The Institution of Engineering and Technology, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 123-138, 2008.

    [4] H. Polinder and J. Morren, "Developments in wind turbine generator systems," Electrimacs 2005, Hammamet Tunisia, 2005.

    [5] A. D. Hansen and L. H. Hansen, "Wind turbine concept market penetration over 10 years (1995– 2004), " Wind Energy, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 81-97, 2007.

    [6] H. Gorginpour, H. Oraee and R. A. McMahon, "Electromagnetic Thermal Design Optimization of the Brushless Doubly-Fed Induction Generator" IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 61, No. 4, April 2014.

    [7] R. Rechsteiner, "Wind Power in Context – A clean Revolution in the Energy Sector," 2008.

    [8] P. J. Tavner, "Operational performance of wind turbines onshore and offshore," Speech at Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge for course title Renewable Power Generation, November 2011.

    [9] H. Polinder, F. F. A. van der Pijl, G. J. de Vilder and P. J. Tavner, "Comparison of Direct-Drive and Geared Generator Concepts for Wind Turbines," IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 725-733, 2006.

    [10] H.S. Kim and D. C. Lu, "Review on Wind Turbine Generators and Power Electronic Converters with the Grid-Connection Issues," Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, 2010.

    [11] 經濟部能源局,綠能產業手冊電子書,2014。

    [12] 賴啟銘、張珮錡、Paulus Winoto、余政達、楊瑞源, "台灣西部離岸風能潛力分析"第34屆海洋工程研討會論文集, 國立成功大學, 2012 年11 月。

    [13] U. A. Bakshi and M.V. Bakshi, "Asynchronous Machines," Technical Publications, 2008.

    [14] L. J. Hunt, "A New Type of Induction Motor," Journal of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, Vol. 39, No.186, pp.648-667, September 1907.

    [15] L. J. Hunt, "The Cascade Induction Motor," Journal of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, Vol. 52, No.230, pp.406-426, March 1914.

    [16] A. R. W. Broadway and L. Burbridge, "Self-cascaded machine: a low-speed motor or high-frequency brushless alternator, " Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, Vol. 117, No. 7, July 1970.

    [17] A. R. W. Broadway, "Single-unit PAM induction frequency converters," Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, pp. 1421-1418, 1967.

    [18] A. R. W. Broadway, "Phase Modulated 3-phase pole changing windings, " Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, Vo1.133, No.2, pp. 61-70 , 1986.

    [19] L. Xu, F. Liang, and T. Lipo, "Transient model of a doubly excited reluctance motor," IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 126-133, March 1991.

    [20] F. Liang, L. Xu and T. Lipo, "D-q analysis of a variable speed doubly AC excited reluctance motor," Electric Machines and Power Systems, Vol. 19, pp. 125-138, 1991.

    [21] M. Jovanovic, "Sensored and sensorless speed control methods for brushless doubly fed reluctance motors," The Institution of Engineering and Technology, Vol. 3, No. 6, pp. 503-513, 2009.

    [22] R. E. Betz and M. G. Jovanovic, "Theoretical analysis of control properties for the brushless doubly fed reluctance machine," IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 17, No.3, pp. 332-339, 2002.

    [23] L. Xu, L. Zhen, and E. Kim, "Field-orientation control of a doubly excited brushless reluctance machine,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol. 34, No. 1, pp. 148-155, 1998.

    [24] M. G. Jovanovic and R. E. Betz, "Slip power recovery systems based on brushless doubly fed reluctance machines, " Power Conversion Conference, Vol. 3, pp.987-992, 2002.

    [25] S. Ademi and M. Jovanovic, "Robust Vector Controllers for Brushless Doubly-Fed Wind Turbine Generators," IEEE International Energy Conference, pp.1-8, 2014.

    [26] A. M. Knight, R. E. Betz and D. G. Dorrell, "Design and Analysis of Brushless Doubly Fed Reluctance Machines, " IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol. 49, No. 1, 2013.

    [27] A. M. Knight, R. E. Betz, W. K. Song and D. G. Dorrell, "Brushless Doubly-Fed Reluctance Machine Rotor Design," IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, 2012.

    [28] D. G. Dorrell, I. Scian, E. M. Schulz, R. B. Betz and M. Jovanovic, "Electromagnetic Considerations in the Design of Doubly-Fed Reluctance Generators for use in Wind Turbines, " IEEE industrial electronics society, pp. 4272-4277, 2006.

    [29] P. C. Roberts, R. A. McMahon, P. J. Tavner, J. M. Maciejowski and T. J. Flack, "Equivalent circuit for the brushless doubly fed machine (BDFM) including parameter estimation and experimental verification,", IEE Proceedings of Electric Power Applications, Vol. 152, No. 4, pp. 933-942, 2005.

    [30] E. Abdi, P. Malliband and R. A. McMahon, "Study of Iron Saturation in Brushless Doubly-Fed Induction Machines," IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, pp. 3501-3508, 2010.

    [31] P. C. Roberts, A Study of Brushless Doubly-Fed (Induction) Machines: Contributions in Machine Analysis, Design and Control, PhD Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005.

    [32] X. Wang, Characterization and design of Brushless Doubly-Fed (induction) Machines, PhD Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008.

    [33] R. McMahon, P. Tavner, E. Abdi, P. Malliband and D. Barker, "Characterising Rotors for Brushless Doubly-Fed Machines (BDFM)," International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, 2010.

    [34]R. R. Moghaddam, Synchronous Reluctance Machine (SynRM) Design, Royal Institute of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Electrical Machines and Power electronics Stockholm, 2007.

    [35] R. Betz and M. Jovanovir, "The brushless doubly fed reluctance machine and the synchronous reluctance machine - a comparison," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 1103-1110, 2000.

    [36] A. Vagati, "Synchronous Reluctance Electrical Motor having a low torque ripple design, "USA patent No. 5,818,140, Oct. 6, 1998.

    [37] M. J. Karnper and A. F. Volschenk, "Effect of rotor dimensions and cross magnetisation on Ld and Lq, inductances of reluctance synchronous machine with cageless flux barrier rotor," IEE Proceedings of Electric Power Applications, Vol. 141, No. 4, July 1994.

    [38] A. Fratta, G. P. Troglia, A. Vagati and F. Villata, "Evaluation of torque ripple in high performance synchronous reluctance machines," Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting, Vol. 1, pp. 163-170, October 1993.

    [39]A. Vagati, G. Franceschini, I. Marongiu and G.P. Troglia, "Design criteria of high performance synchronous reluctance motors," Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting, Vol.1, pp.66- 73, Oct.1992.

    [40] 維基百科: https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/風力發電機

    [41] 維基百科: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Darrieus wind turbine
    [42] 維基百科: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Savonius wind turbine

    [43] 牛山泉,風力能源與風力發電系統設計,科技圖書,2011。

    [44] I. H. Abbott, A. E. V. Doenhoff and L. S. Stivers, Report No. 824 Summary of Airfoil Data, National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, 1945.

    [45] R. E. Betz and M. Jovanovir, "Introduction to brushless doubly fed reluctance machines the basic equations," Technical Report: EE0023, 1998.

    下載圖示 校內:2017-08-27公開
    校外:2017-08-27公開
    QR CODE