研究背景:
世界衛生組織建議，嬰兒六個月內應以純母乳哺餵，使嬰兒達到最佳的健康生長及發育。懷孕的糖尿病婦女因乳汁生成期Ⅱ作用較晚，有可能造成糖尿病婦女在產後初期執行母乳哺餵時發生困難，影響其母乳哺餵自我效能。然而，目前台灣尚未對於糖尿病婦女進行哺乳問題及母乳哺餵自我效能之研究。
研究目的:
本研究目的為比較糖尿病與非糖尿病產後婦女，在產後之哺乳問題及母乳哺餵自我效能的差異，以及糖尿病婦女HbA1c對於哺乳問題和母乳哺餵自我效能的影響

研究方法:
本研究使用比較性之研究設計，採用方便取樣，選取台南市兩所醫院產後病房的婦女，研究對象分為兩組，糖尿病婦女與非糖尿病婦女。分別於產後第2－3天以及產後1個月收集資料。研究工具以產前HbA1c、母乳哺餵自我效能簡式量表、母乳哺餵經驗量表。研究結果以SPSS19.0進行描述性統計、卡方檢定、配對t 檢定、Independent t檢定、相關分析、曼－惠特尼考驗、階層迴歸進行資料統計分析。
結果:
本研究共有125位產後婦女(糖尿病婦女41位，非糖尿病婦女85位)。糖尿病婦女平均年齡為33.32歲；非糖尿病婦女平均年齡為31.93歲。糖尿病婦女有先前母乳哺餵經驗的佔51.2％；非糖尿病婦女有先前母乳哺餵經驗的佔42.9％。產後初期與產後1個月，糖尿病與非糖尿病婦女在哺乳問題(t =-.362~ -.192； p = .718~.848)與母乳哺餵自我效能(t =.462~ .451； p = .645~.653)沒有顯著差異，糖尿病婦女HbA1c數值不會影響哺乳問題與母乳哺餵自我效能。在產後初期，當控制胎次、先前母乳哺餵經驗，糖尿病因子無法預測哺乳問題及母乳哺餵自我效能。在產後1個月，當控制胎次、先前母乳哺餵經驗、產後初期哺乳問題，產後初期母乳哺餵自我效能，糖尿病因子無法預測哺乳問題和母乳哺餵自我效能。
結論/實務運用:
糖尿病不會增加產後婦女其哺乳問題，以及影響婦女的母乳哺餵自我效能。本研究結果可以提供護理人員對於產前和產後糖尿病婦女，有關母乳哺餵照護資訊與知識。

SUMMARY
The aims of this study were to compare the breastfeeding problems and breastfeeding self-efficacy among postpartum women with and without diabetes mellitus (DM), as well as the effect of HbA1c on breastfeeding problem and breastfeeding self-efficacy among women with diabetes. This study used a comparative design with a convenient sampling. There were two groups of participants: 41 postpartum women with DM and 84 postpartum women without DM. All participants were asked to complete two instruments: Breastfeeding Self
-Efficacy Scale-Short Form and Breastfeeding Experience Scale at two time points: 2 -3 days after delivery and one month postpartum respectively.There were no group differences in breastfeeding problems and breastfeeding self-efficacy among women with and without DM in 2-3 days after delivery and one month postpartum respectively.

Keywords
Women with Diabetes, breastfeeding self-efficacy, breastfeeding experience

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