本研究的目的為瞭解台南市更年期婦女的憂鬱情形，並探討更年期婦女的人口學變項、生活事件壓力、更年期態度、更年期症狀、自我概念與憂鬱之關係；採用橫斷式相關研究設計，以隨機集束抽樣（Cluster Random Sampling）的方式選取台南市北區大山里、實踐里、文元里之四十五歲至五十五歲更年期婦女。於民國92年2月3日至4月11日，以「成人生活事件壓力量表」、「更年期態度量表」、「更年期症狀量表」、「田納西自我概念量表」、「流行病學中心憂鬱量表」進行資料收集，共發出問卷280份，回收有效問卷266份，回收率95％。以多元迴歸分析找出預測更年期婦女憂鬱之重要變項。
研究結果顯示：一、更年期婦女出現憂鬱症狀者之比例佔31.2%，約三成的更年期婦女有憂鬱。二、有無工作、有無疾病、有無使用荷爾蒙之更年期婦女在憂鬱上有差異。無工作之更年期婦女其憂鬱顯著高於有工作者；無疾病之更年期婦女其憂鬱顯著高低於有疾病者；無使用荷爾蒙之更年期婦女其憂鬱顯著低於有使用荷爾蒙者。顯示無工作、有疾病、有使用荷爾蒙之更年期婦女其憂鬱值得重視。而不同婚姻狀態、教育程度、停經階段的更年期婦女在憂鬱無顯著差異。三、91.8％更年期婦女視更年期為自然現象。不同教育程度、有無使用荷爾蒙之更年期婦女在更年期態度有差異，教育程度在小學以下之更年期婦女，其更年期態度較高中職、大專以上學歷者為負向。有使用荷爾蒙之更年期婦女其更年期態度較無使用荷爾蒙者為負向。四、約有92.5％的更年期婦女其自我概念介於一般正常者之間。更年期婦女在生理自我、道德倫理自我、心理自我、家庭自我、社會自我、工作自我之得分與常模相較，有較多人次集中於低分。無工作的更年期婦女其自我概念較有工作者為負向，有使用荷爾蒙的更年期婦女其自我概念較無使用荷爾蒙者為負向。五、更年期婦女之生活事件壓力、更年期症狀與憂鬱有顯著正相關，更年期婦女所經歷的生活事件壓力越大，更年期症狀越多，其憂鬱越嚴重；更年期婦女之更年期態度、自我概念與憂鬱有顯著負相關，顯示更年期態度越負向，自我概念越負向之更年期婦女，其憂鬱越嚴重。六、自我概念越負向、更年期症狀越多、生活事件壓力越大、越不是國小教育程度比上專科以上教育程度，是影響更年期婦女憂鬱之重要預測變項。而自我概念的分量尺中，以家庭自我、生理自我、社會自我最能夠預測憂鬱。
期望本研究結果可提供國內對於更年期婦女憂鬱現況之瞭解，與對影響更年期婦女憂鬱之相關因素有更多探索，以作為健康從業人員推動更年期婦女憂鬱防治工作之重要依據，並及早介入處理高危險罹患憂鬱族群，促進更年期婦女之精神衛生。

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship among demographic data, life-event stress, perimenopause attitude, climacteric symptoms, self-concepts and depression of women during perimenopause. A cross-sectional design used self-administered questionnaires or interview was applied in this study. The subjects aged between 45 and 55 were selected by cluster random sampling of Tainan city in southern Taiwan. There were 43 district areas and Da Shan, Shjian and Wen Yuan district areas were selected. Total of 266 valid subjects were in this study.
Data were collected from February to April 2003. The following 5 instruments were used: the Adult Life-Event Scale, the Perimenopause Attitude Scale, the Greene Climacteric Symptom Scale, the Tennessee Self-Concept Scale Chinese Version and the Center of Epidemiological Study Depression Scale. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the data.
The results show that: (1) women who have depression symptoms are about 31.2%, that is about one-third women have depression; (2) women who are currently unemployed, with physical disease, have used hormone replacement therapy (HRT) frequently have more depression symptoms; there are no significant difference of depression symptoms between different marriage status, educational level, menopause stages of perimenopause women, (3) 91.8% women view that perimenopause as a natural phenomenon, women whose education level below elementary or who have used hormone replacement therapy have more negative attitude toward perimenopause; (4) about 92.5% women whose self-concept are at norm range as general adult, compare to the norm more women get lower score on self-concept subscale: Physical Self-concept, Moral Self-concept, Psychological Self- concept, Family Self-concept, Social Self-concept and Work Self-concept, women who are currently unemployed, who have used HRT have more negative attitude toward perimenopause; (5) the correlation between life event stress and depression, climacteric symptoms and depression are positive; the correlation between perimenopause attitude and depression, self-concept and depression are negative; and (6) negative self-concept, more climacteric symptoms, more life event stress and higher educational level are the most important variables to predict depression of women during perimenopause. The self-concept subscales: Family Self-concept, Physical Self-concept and Social Self-concept also predict depression.
The results of this study will help us to know more about the depression during perimenopause and we may apply these findings to develop interventions for preventing depression and promoting women’s mental health.

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