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研究生： 簡崇宇
Chien, Tsung-Yu
論文名稱： 利用聚3-己烷基噻吩(P3HT)及P3HT/金奈米粒子修飾染料敏化太陽能電池的TiO2光電極
Modification of TiO2 Photoelectrodes by Poly-3-hexylthiophene (P3HT) and P3HT/Au Nanoparticles for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Applications
指導教授： 李玉郎
Lee, Yuh-Lang
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 化學工程學系
Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年： 2021
畢業學年度： 109
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 163
中文關鍵詞： 染料敏化太陽能電池 、界面修飾 、聚3-己烷基噻吩 、奈米複合材料 、局部表面電漿共振效應
外文關鍵詞： Dye-sensitized solar cells, Interface modification, Poly-3-hexylthiophene, Nanocomposites, Localized surface plasmon resonance effect
相關次數： 點閱：95  下載：0 
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    • 在染料敏化太陽能電池(DSSC)的操作中，二氧化鈦(TiO2)光電極與電解液界面間的電荷再結合是影響電池效率的重要因素。為了降低此界面間的電荷再結合，本研究利用聚3-己烷基噻吩(P3HT)來修飾TiO2光電極， 藉由其疏水且為P型高分子之特性來抑制光電極上的電子與電解液中陽離子的再結合行為。本研究首先藉由旋轉塗佈製程來引入P3HT修飾層，元件效率可由8.33%提升至8.43%。此外，若利用吸附-脫附製程可以有效調控P3HT的沉積量，發揮P3HT的效應，進而提升整體元件的吸光能力，使得電流密度上升，電池效能也將進一步由8.30%提升至8.66%。此外，本研究亦利用金屬奈米粒子與受體間所產生的耦合效應(Coupling effect)，藉由金屬奈米粒子與入射光所產生的局部表面電漿子共振效應來增進電池的吸光能力。然而因金奈米粒子在碘電解液中不穩定，因此，此一研究利用P3HT與金之間的強吸附力，以P3HT包覆金奈米粒子，製備奈米金複合材料(Au@P3HT)，以降低碘離子對金奈米粒子的腐蝕效應。研究中以油水兩相反應分離的程序來製備此奈米金複合材料(Au@P3HT)。研究結果顯示，不論Au@P3HT是以旋轉塗佈或是吸附製程來修飾光電極，皆可大幅提升IPCE中的光譜響應，使得DSSC之電流密度上升。然而，相比於旋轉塗佈製程，以吸附製程所製備的元件具有較穩定的填充因子數值，因此，電池效率可由8.36% 提升至 8.94%。

    關鍵字：染料敏化太陽能電池、界面修飾、聚3-己烷基噻吩、奈米複合材料、局部表面電漿共振效應

    In the operation of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC), the charge recombination from titanium dioxide (TiO2) photoelectrode to the electrolyte plays as an important factor. To improve the charge recombination effect, a hydrophobic P-type polymer, P3HT, was used to modify the photoelectrode, acting as a blocking layer to increase the charge recombination resistance (Rct), inhibit the electron recombination. Therefore, the efficiency can increase from 8.33% to 8.43% by introducing P3HT into TiO2 photoelectrode via spin coating process. Additionally, utilize the adsorption-desorption method can control the deposition amount of P3HT, let the performance can be increased from 8.30% to 8.66% by current density increasing due to visible sensitive property. Moreover, this study also utilize the coupling effect between metal nanoparticles (NPs) and acceptor, enhancing the light absorption of the devices via localized surface plasmon resonance effect (LSPR). Therefore, based on the P3HT and Au have a strong interaction, P3HT can act as a protective ligands which capped on the gold surface to avoid the iodide/triiodide corrosion. In the research results of Au and P3HT nanocomposites (Au@P3HT), which be synthesized by oil/water reaction-separation process, applying spin-coating or adsorption method, both can enlarge the IPCE response and improve the current density. Compared to spin-coating method, the adsorption method has more stable fill factor, let the conversion efficiency increase from 8.36% to 8.94%.

    Key words: Dye-sensitized solar cells, Interface modification, Poly-3-hexylthiophene, Nanocomposites, Localized surface plasmon resonance effect

    摘要 I Extended abstract II 誌謝 XLVI 表目錄 LIV 圖目錄 LV 第一章 緒論 1 1-1前言 1 1-2 研究目的與動機 3 第二章 實驗原理與文獻回顧 7 2-1 染料敏化太陽能電池介紹 7 2-1-1 工作原理 7 2-1-2 電子在DSSC上的傳輸路徑 9 2-2 染料敏化太陽能電池之結構介紹 11 2-2-1 導電基板 12 2-2-2 氧化物半導體 13 2-2-3 光敏化劑 15 2-2-4 電解質 22 2-2-5 對電極 27 2-3 文獻回顧 29 2-3-1 P3HT於染料敏化太陽能電池之發展進程 29 2-3-2 金屬奈米粒子於染料敏化太陽能電池之應用 31 2-3-3 染料敏化太陽能模組 33 第三章 實驗器材與步驟 36 3-1 實驗藥品與材料 36 3-2 儀器原理與分析 39 3-2-1 太陽光模擬器 39 3-2-2 電化學交流阻抗分析 43 3-2-3 入射光子轉換效率量測系統 46 3-2-4 金屬濺鍍機 47 3-2-5 紫外光-可見光光譜儀 48 3-2-6 高解析場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡 49 3-2-7 化學分析電子光譜儀 50 3-2-8 X光繞射儀 50 3-2-9 穿透式電子顯微鏡 52 3-2-10 高解析穿透式電子顯微鏡 53 3-2-11能量色散光譜 53 3-2-12 一般儀器 55 3-3 實驗流程及實驗原理 58 3-3-1 二氧化鈦薄膜製備 58 3-3-2 光電極敏化程序 59 3-3-3 白金對電極製備程序 59 3-3-4 電解質製備程序 60 3-3-5 金奈米粒子之合成程序 60 3-3-6 修飾二氧化鈦光電極之程序 62 3-3-7 染料敏化太陽能電池元件組裝 63 3-3-8染料敏化太陽能模組元件之組裝 65 第四章 結果與討論 69 聚3-己烷基噻吩及其相關之延伸應用於染料敏化太陽能電池 69 4-1 P3HT應用於旋轉塗佈製程 71 4-1-1 P3HT修飾後於DSSC光電轉換效能之比較 71 4-1-2 P3HT修飾後於電池元件之阻抗特性分析 76 4-2 P3HT與TiO2的表面作用力形成的吸附-脫附製程 81 4-3噻吩環與金表面的強作用力形成之P3HT修飾金奈米粒子(Au@P3HT) 於染敏太陽能電池之應用 99 4-3-1 金屬奈米粒子的局部表面電漿共振效應 99 4-3-2 Au@P3HT之合成程序 99 4-3-3 Au@P3HT表面特徵與結構之元素分析 104 4-3-4 Au@P3HT之結構穩定性 110 4-3-5 Au@P3HT於旋轉塗佈製程之光電轉換效能 113 4-3-6 Au@P3HT於旋轉塗佈製程之元件效應分析 115 4-3-7 Au@P3HT於不同釕金屬錯合物染料之效應分析 122 4-3-8 Au@P3HT於吸附-脫附製程之光電轉換效能 125 4-3-9 Au@P3HT於吸附製程之元件效應分析 129 4-3-10 Au@P3HT於不同製程選擇之效能影響 132 4-3-11 Au@P3HT於不同製程選擇之差異 136 4-4 金奈米粒子於元件穩定性之影響及模組元件之應用 138 4-4-1 元件穩定性測試 138 4-4-2 次模組電池之應用 140 第五章 結論與建議 142 5-1 結論 142 5-2 未來工作與建議 145 第六章 參考文獻 152 第七章 附錄 161

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