鑄造技術已有數千年的歷史，而隨著時代的進步，對於材料的使用環境限制更加是嚴苛，材料的特性與強度提升需求增加，而在鑄造的凝固過程中，溫度與濃度場的變化會影響材料的顯微結構，而顯微結構之控制更是改善其機械性質及物理特性的關鍵所在。一般的鑄造過程不易控制凝固結構之型態，最多只能改變晶粒大小，而方向性凝固與單晶成長是屬於高難度的鑄造技術。於此方向性凝固之實驗研究中，以錫鉛合金為鑄件材料，採用四種不同的實驗模式來探討，不同加熱器溫度、載台下降速率、冷激銅盒入口水溫與鑄件模具，對於方向性凝固的影響。並透過光學顯微鏡觀察其巨觀及微觀金相組織，藉以探討其枝狀晶之優選方向控制情形、鑄件晶粒尺寸及對晶體成長的束縛控制及對其溫度梯度、成長速率之間的影響，由其分析結果，希望能進一步掌握方向性凝固之控制機制。

The casting skill has been developed for several thousand years. With the progress of time, the environment of application becomes more severe and hence the promotion requirements of material properties and mechanical strength increase. In a casting process, the temperature and concentration fields affect the microstructures of materials, which directly influence the mechanical and physical properties. The morphology of solidification microstructure is difficult to control in a casting process, while the grain size can be easily changed. The directional solidification and the growth of single crystal are the advanced casting techniques. In this experimental study of directional solidification, lead-tin alloy is used as the casting material and four experimental models with different heat temperatures, descending speeds of platform, water temperatures of copper chill are utilized to analyze their effects on the directional solidification. The microstructures are observed by using an optical microscope. The macro and micro structures are employed to investigate the influences of the four models on the control of preferred dendritic direction, the grain size, the constraint of dendritic growth, the temperature gradient and the growth rate. From the analysis results, it is expected to help the further grasp of the controlled mechanism of directional solidification.

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